Screening of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacterial isolates from oil refinery wastewater and detection of conjugative plasmids in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon tolerant and multi-metal resistant bacteria

Abstract

Wastewater were collected from the effluent channel in the vicinity of Mathura oil refinery, U.P. (India) and analysed for physicochemical characteristics, heavy metals as well as organic compounds including PAHs. The interaction of PAHs and heavy metals with various group of microorganisms revealed the viable count of aerobic heterotrophs, asymbiotic nitrogen fixers, actinomycetes and fungi were found to be 2.38 Â 10 6 , 1.89 Â 10 4 , 2.20 Â 10 4 CFU/mL and 8.76 Â 10 3 CFU/mL respectively. We have selected and screened 50 bacterial isolates for their resistance/tolerance to heavy metal and PAHs. Out of 25 multi-metal resistant isolates, 6 were able to tolerate PAHs at the concentration of 5000 μg/mL (50μg/disc) to naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene. The PAH degradation efficiency of the isolates was assessed using spectrophotometer with 100 μg/mL of phenanthrene and observed different degree of degradation ranging from 34-66% after 96 h of incubation. One of the bacterial isolates KWB3 (identified as Enterobacter ludwigii by 16S rDNA sequencing) exhibited maximum degradation efficiency (66%) was further tested for phenanthrene degrading ability in the presence and absence of a co-substrate (glucose) in a mineral salt medium; and a number of metabolites were produced and detected by GC-MS which revealed the presence of benzocoumarin, phthalic acid, catechol and several low molecular weight compounds. The DNA derived from multi-metal and PAHs tolerant bacteria were PCR amplified using Inc specific primers and positive PCR products were obtained with oriT and trfA2 of the IncP group; indicates that these bacteria have gene-mobilizing capacity.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degradation in the Sea-Surface Microlayer at Coastal Antarctica

“…Our results are at variance with previous experimental data using cultures of HCB retrieved from polluted environments, which showed similar 24-h biodegradation rates for LWM and HMW PAHs, although they were performed under different conditions from those present in the maritime Antarctica (Kanaly and Harayama, 2010;Huang et al, 2016;Umar et al, 2017;Khatoon and Malik, 2019;Medić et al, 2020). In a polar environment, sub-ice bacterial communities have the capacity to remove up to 95% of LMW and HMW PAHs from a mesocosm, but after a longer period (15 days) (Garneau et al, 2016) than in our experiment (1 day).…”

Characterization of the Phenanthrene-Degrading Sphingobium yanoikuyae SJTF8 in Heavy Metal Co-Existing Liquid Medium and Analysis of Its Metabolic Pathway

“…Genes involved in the bacterial resistance of heavy metals or degradation of xenobiotics are often found in plasmid DNA [ 51 ]. To determine the metabolic genes responsible for PAH degradation, plasmid elimination was performed.…”

Microbial communities in petroleum refinery effluents and their complex functions

“… No. Microorganism Type Oil refinery Source 1 Bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa Alcaligenesfaecalis Al-Najaf refinery wastewater, Iraq (Sultan, et al, 2015) 2 32 bacterial strains including Bacillus cereus WD22, Acinetobacter baumannii OCB, Pseudomonasaeruginosa WD23 and WDE11 Petrochemical refinery industry in Mangalore, India ( Goveas et al, 2020 ) 3 50 isolates including Enterobacter ludwigii KWB3 Mathura oil refinery, U.P., India ( Khatoon & Malik, 2019 ) 4 Pseudomonas, Bacillus spp, Burkholderia, Kocuria, Enterobacter, and Pandoraea Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL) oil refinery, Digboi, India ( Sarkar et al, 2017 ) 5 Bacillus, Wenzhouxiangella, Rhodabaculum, Halomonas, Rhizobium , Pseudomonas , Pseudoxanthomonas, Rhodobaculum , and Brevundimonas Oil refinery in Johannesburg, South Africa ( Lukhele et al, 2021 ) 6 Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. Petroleum refinery wastewater, Nigeria ( Musa et al, 2015 ).…”