Screening of Phytochemical Compounds and Toxic Proteinaceous Protease Inhibitor in Some Lesser-Known Food Based Plants and Their Effects and Potential Applications in Food

Abstract

Compounds or substances which act to reduce nutrient intake, digestion, absorption and utilization and may produce other adverse effects are referred to as anti-nutrients or anti-nutritional factors. Plant sources contain in their raw state wide varieties of anti-nutrients which are potentially toxic. This study was conducted to phytochemical investigation on fruits and plants from India and Iran. Eight plant species were used. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the presence of polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, phytic acid, trypsin inhibitor and saponins. The results obtained of the investigated plants showed that the all eight samples were found to be polyphenols but Solanum indicum contains highest value(7.02mg/g). All samples showed the presence of alkaloids, and showed presence of saponins except Alocacia and Asparagus and showed presence of steroids except Chlorophytum and Asparagus. Portulaca with(16.9 TIU/g) and Asparagus with(0.8 TIU/g) contain highest and lowest values of trypsin inhibitor respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed moderate phytate contents except Solanum and Portulaca. The plants are rich sources of polyphenols appear to have protective effects for human health. Trypsin inhibitor and phytic acid may play a role as an antioxidant in plants and may be beneficial to health when it is consumed.

Phytochemical evaluation and GC-MS analysis of <i>Hyptis verticillata</i> cultivated in Calabar Cross River State, Nigeria

“…They have antioxidant properties and their inhibitory effect on mutagenesis and carcinogenesis is probably their most important activity biologically (Ho, 1992). The result of phenols obtained from this study is higher than those obtained from the stem, root and flowers of Taraxacum officinale, a work reported by Mir et al (2013) and also higher than the ones got from Solanum indicum (Aberoumand, 2012). Saponins were present in appreciable concentration in H. verticillata leaves which was higher than what were observed in the stem, root and flowers of Taraxacum officinale as reported by Mir et al (2013) and also higher than those for V. amygdalina and O. gratissimum as reported by Udochukwu et al (2015).…”

“…They have hypocholesterolemic effect because they reduce certain nutrient uptake e.g. glucose and cholesterol at the gut via intra-luminal physiochemical interaction (Aberoumand, 2012). Alkaloids are a group of chemical compounds that occur naturally, made up of nitrogen ring and are produced by different organisms including bacteria, plants, fungi and animals (Aberoumand, 2012;Saxena et al, 2013).…”

Antidiabetic effects of Cycas edentata aqueous leaf extract on the blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic imprinting control regions mice (Mus musculus L.)

“…They have ammonia compounds [21] comprising of low molecular weight nitrogencontaining compounds [10] and are important in plant defense and survival against microorganisms, insects, pathogens, and herbivores. [18] It is studied that alkaloids can exhibit antidiabetic properties through various mechanisms.…”

“…[8] With this, researchers steered to medicinal plants to manage diabetes mellitus since these plants contain active compounds that showed efficacy in most chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus. [9] Medicinal plants contain high contents of antinutrients and phytochemicals [10] , and one potential medicinal plant is Cycas sp. It is commonly found in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, mainly in central and southern Africa, Australia, South and Central America, Caribbean, Asia, and Pacific Islands.…”

Effects of sulphur preservative on phytochemical and antioxidant capacity of peels of mango cultivars (Mangifera indica L.) produced in South Africa

“…Phenolic compounds are associated with the health benefits deriving from consuming high levels of fruits (Parr and Bolwell, 2000;Aberoumand, 2012). Mango is regarded as a valuable source of phytochemical compounds (Kim et al, 2007;Ashoush and Gadallah, 2011;Mudau et al, 2013); among these compounds, polyphenolics are widely distributed secondary metabolites and the predominant antioxidants present.…”