Screening of Iraqi barley accessions under PEG-induced drought conditions

Lateef, Djshwar Dhahir; Mustafa, Kamil M.; Tahir, Nawroz Abdul-razzak

doi:10.1080/26895293.2021.1917456

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There are many studies aimed at evaluating the genetic diversity of barley based on both molecular and genetic levels and agro-morphological traits (Taibi et al, 2019;Kumar et al, 2020;Brbaklić et al, 2021). For example, only in recent years were results published of assessment of barley genetic diversity in Algeria (Rahal-Bouziane et al, 2015), Oman (Al Lawati et al, 2021), Tunisia (Marzougui et al, 2020), Tibet (Li et al, 2020), Jordan (Al-Abdallat et al, 2017), Pakistan , Iraq (Lateef et al, 2021), Kazakhstan (Almerekova et al, 2021), Brasil (Monteiro et al, 2020, India (Kaur, 2022), Ethiopia (Jalata et al, 2020;Gadissa et al, 2021;Angassa & Mohammed, 2022;Teklemariam et al, 2022), Chinа (Memon et al, 2021), Palestine (Shtaya & Abdallah, 2021). Thus, it should be mentioned that even in the era of modern molecular technologies, studying genetic diversity by phenotypic traits has not lost its value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of grain yield performance and its stability in various spring barley accessions under condition of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine

et al. 2022

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Two extremely urgent problems of biological and agronomic research nowadays are ensuring an optimal balance between usage of natural resources to meet rapidly growing needs for food production and preservation of biodiversity. It is also important to extend the genetic diversity of the main crop varieties in agroecosystems. At the same time, modern varieties should be characterized by a combination of high yield and preserving yield stability under variable conditions. Solving the outlined tasks requires comprehensive research and involvement in breeding process of the genetical diversity concentrated in genebanks of the world. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important crops that satisfy the various needs of humanity. In respect to this, in 2020–2022, a multi-environment trial was conducted in three agroclimatic zones of Ukraine (Forest-Steppe, Polissia, and Northern Steppe). We studied 44 spring barley collection accessions of different ecological and geographical origin, different subspecies and groups of botanical varieties which were obtained from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. Statistical indices (Hom, Sc) and graphical models (GGE biplot, AMMI) were used to interpret the yield performance and its stability. Both individual ecological sites in different years and combinations of different sites and years of trials were characterized for productivity, discriminating power and representativeness. The environments differed quite strongly among themselves in terms of these indicators. It was established that most of the genotypes were characterized by higher adaptability to individual environmental conditions (stability in different years), compared to adaptability for all agroclimatic zones (wide adaptation). A strong cross-over genotype by environment interaction was found for most studied accessions. Nevertheless, both genotypes with very high stability in only one agroclimatic zone (Amil (UKR), Gateway (CAN)) and genotypes with a combination of high adaptability to one or two ecological niches and relatively higher wide adaptability (Stymul (UKR), Ly-1064 (UKR), Rannij (KAZ), Shedevr (UKR), and Arthur (CZE)) were identified. There were also the accessions which did not show maximum performance in the individual sites, but had relatively higher wide adaptability (Ly-1059 (UKR), Ly-1120 (UKR), Diantus (UKR), and Danielle (CZE)). In general, the naked barley genotypes were inferior to the covered ones in terms of yield potential and wide adaptability, but at the same time, some of them (CDC ExPlus (CAN), CDC Gainer (CAN), and Roseland (CAN)), accordingly to the statistical indicators, had increased stability in certain ecological sites. Among naked barley accessions relatively better wide adaptability according to the graphical analysis was found in the accession CDC McGwire (CAN), and by the statistical parameters CDC ExPlus (CAN) was better than standard. The peculiarities of yield manifestation and its variability in different spring barley genotypes in the multi-environment trial revealed in this study will contribute to the complementation and deepening of existing data in terms of the genotype by environment interaction. Our results can be used in further studies for developing spring barley variety models both with specific and wide adaptation under conditions of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine. The disitnguished accessions of different origin and botanical affiliation are recommended for creating a new breeding material with the aim of simultaneously increasing yield potential and stability, as well as widening the genetic basis of spring barley varieties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of grain yield performance and its stability in various spring barley accessions under condition of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine

et al. 2022

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“…The total phenolics in juice were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, as reported in our earlier paper (Lateef et al 2021) with some modifications. Three replications were used to get the mean value of each genotype.…”

Section: Total Phenolic Content (Tpc) Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TFC in each extract was calculated using our earlier paper (Lateef et al 2021) with some modifications. Each juice's total flavonoid concentration was reported as µg quercetin (QE) per gram of fresh flesh matter using the following formula: Three replications were used to create each genotype's mean value.…”

Section: Total Flavonoid Content (Tfc) Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antioxidant capacity of the flesh juice was estimated using the 1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging method outlined in our article (Lateef et al 2021), with some enhancements. Three replications were used to create each genotype's mean value.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activity (Ac) Evaluation By Dpphmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soluble sugar content was determined using the method given by Lateef et al (2021). Three replications have been used to determine the average value of each genotype.…”

Section: Soluble Sugar Content (Ssc) Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth and fruit morpho-physicochemical diversity assessment of local melon genotypes

Aziz¹,

Tahir²

2022

TJAS

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The genetic diversity of melon genotypes obtained from northern Iraq was assessed in 2021 at the University of Sulaimani's Directorate of Garden in Qlyasan using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three blocks, using growth and fruit morpho-physicochemical characteristics. The 57 genotypes were characterized morphologically and physiochemically, and there were high significant differences between them. The values of main stem length, lateral stem length, main stem diameter, and lateral stem diameter were ranged from 20.49 to 85.84 cm, 29.45 to 92.52 cm, 0.85 to 1.77 cm, and 0.42 to 0.74 cm, respectively. The fruit weight produced by G11 achieved the highest value (1860.72 g). Antioxidant activity was increased in genotypes with higher levels of polyphenols, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed four distinct groups of genotypes based on studied traits. PCA plot revealed that fruit thickness, fruit length, fruit width, placenta weight, fruit weight, seed length, seed width, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, pH, and titratable acid were significant determinants of genetic diversity in the melon genotypes. Based on the majority of the fruit morpho-physicochemical traits, genotype G11 was regarded as the best performer. The results of this study suggested a significant degree of heterogeneity in Iraqi melon germplasm, which must be conserved and incorporated into future development projects.

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Morpho-phytochemical screening and molecular diversity of pomegranate accessions grown in Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

Faraj

2023

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Halabja governorate in the Kurdistan region-Iraq is famous for having high-quality pomegranate accessions. The current study was conducted to evaluate the morpho-phytochemical amount of pomegranate functional food and the genetic diversity as an important tool for the characterization of the genetic resources for germplasm management and the identi cation of the best genotypes for genetic improvement. In this study, phenotypical parameter, highly signi cant morphometric differences (P ≤ 0.05) among 24 genotypes, with the mean values of fruit weight, peel thickness, and weight of 100 Arils, total avonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, total soluble solid content (TSS) 299.21 g, 3.47 mm and 38.59 g, 54.50,47.97 µg/ml, 21.08 µg/ml and 14.59 Brix respectively. In addition, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) was utilized to assess the genetic diversity of the collected pomegranate genotypes. Twelve random primers of produced products plus a number of the ampli ed primer bands ranging from 3 to 12 and total number of 83 ampli ed bands were produced, among which 78 bands were polymorphic and 5 bands were monomorphic. The highest, lowest, and mean values of polymorphic bands were (11, 3, and 6.5), respectively. The PIC values ranged from 0.58 to 0.90. The dendrogram clusters for all the selections showed dissimilarity coe cients ranging between 0.22 to 0.23 (G4 vs. G5) to 0.63 (G13 vs. G14), and ve groups (A, B, C, D, and F) with a mean dissimilarity (0.49). According to the results, morphometric and biochemical properties are signi cant aspects of development, discernment, and classi cation. Alongside with the ISSR marker, which is a useful technique for allowing the identi cation of different selections and assessing the genetic similarity among studied pomegranate accessions, this would facilitate their use as identi ed genetic stock in future breeding programs.

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Screening of Iraqi barley accessions under PEG-induced drought conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Evaluation of grain yield performance and its stability in various spring barley accessions under condition of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine

Evaluation of grain yield performance and its stability in various spring barley accessions under condition of different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine

Growth and fruit morpho-physicochemical diversity assessment of local melon genotypes

Morpho-phytochemical screening and molecular diversity of pomegranate accessions grown in Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region-Iraq

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