Screening methods and recent developments in the detection of anticoccidials

Abstract

This article presents a review of the current trends in the analysis of coccidiostats in various matrices, focusing principally on screening and rapid methods. Coccidiosis is an infectious disease having a high negative impact on the animal industry. Drugs are therefore necessary to prevent and/or to combat this disease. However, it is also of crucial importance that these veterinary drugs do not enter the human food chain. European legislation has therefore established the boundaries for the use of coccidiosats and has also addressed the unavoidable problem of cross-contamination of the feed, mainly caused by the use of the same production lines. Consequently there is a need for analytical methods and/or analytical strategies for the monitoring and control of the residues of anticoccidials, both in feed and in the resulting matrices for human consumption. In the frame of the European collaborative project CONffIDENCE, such attempts to establish the required analytical tools were made, which required beforehand a review of the state of the art in this domain. Aiming at this objective, in this review we consider the most interesting publications since 2000. In essence, both a rapid approach with mainly immunoassays and chromatographic methods were developed. To date, the obstacle to routine use of the first approach has been its inability to detect more than two compounds simultaneously, but recent developments in flow cytometry have made it possible to detect six coccidiostats at once. On the other hand, an increasingly popular approach for detecting multiple coccidiostats simultaneously is liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. There remains a need to adapt these analytical methods to legislative requirements.

Current research, regulation, risk, analytical methods and monitoring results for nicarbazin in chicken meat: A perspective review

“…In this context, organic solvents, such as methanol and acetonitrile, are most commonly used to extract veterinary drug residues from biological samples. However, while these solvents are often capable of extracting all anticoccidials of interest, they also extract potential interferents from the matrix (Cronly et al, 2011;Huet, Bienenmann-Ploum, Vincent, & Delahaut, 2013). In these cases, SPE and QuEChERS have been employed to remove interferents, improving method selectivity and specificity.…”

“…Anticoccidials have been detected in products of animal origin by rapid qualitative screening methods, which can be useful and less costly tools compared to other quantitative techniques. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), lateral flow devices (LFDs), fluorescence polarization immunoassays (FPIAs), biosensor assays, and more recently, flow cytometry immunoassays (FCIAs) have been applied for the detection of anticoccidials, before using confirmatory and quantitative methods as LC-MS (Huet et al, 2013;Li et al, 2017).…”

Optimization of Adsorbent Layer Type and Developing Solvent in Coccidiostats Sample Preparation with Procedure of Solvent Front Position Extraction

“…Coccidiostats are group of veterinary antiparasite drugs against protozoa from Eimeria genus [1]. They are widely used in animal husbandry.…”

Total Antibiotics — A New Possible Alternative for the Screening of Coccidiostat Residues in Poultry Meat

“…To avoid the disease, coccidiostats are routinely given in poultry feed prophylactically and there is concern that this may lead to residues in poultry meat and eggs and present a risk for consumers. The farmer does prevent the parasitic disease with preventive measures of administrating coccidiostats into routine care, however the withdrawal period of coccidiostats before slaughter needs to be determined to prevent the accumulation of coccidiostat residues [5].…”