Screening Mammography and Late-Stage Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study

Wu, Ying; Weissfeld, Joel L.; Weinberg, Gene B.; Kuller, Lewis H.

doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0483

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We also found a significantly higher incidence of Stage 2+ cancers among the non‐attenders compared to attenders in MMSSP, which has been seen in other studies as well 4, 10, 11. Because stage at diagnosis is one of the most important determinants of prognosis, the non‐attenders may have an important impact on the overall efficiency of a screening program in terms of breast cancer mortality.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Anticancer Potency and Multidrug‐Resistant Studies of Self‐Assembled Arene–Ruthenium Metallarectangles

Dubey

Min

Koo

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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A suite of three tetraruthenium metallacycles have been obtained from [2+2] self-assemblies between N,N'-Di-(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarbo-xydiimide (4) and one of the three dinuclear arene ruthenium clips, (η(6)-p-iPrC6H4Me)2Ru2(OO∩OO)][OTf]2 (OO∩OO = oxalate 1, 2,5-dioxydo-1,4-benzoquinonato (dobq) 2, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinonato (donq) 3; OTf = triflate). All complexes were isolated in good yield (>85 %) as triflate salts and were fully characterized by using (1)H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry. A single crystal of the metallarectangle 5 was suitable for X-ray diffraction structural characterization. The biological activities of the metallacycles were determined by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, establishing their in vitro anticancer properties. Our results show that for the AGC (gastric cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity of (donq)-containing SCC 7 exceeds that of cisplatin, which was used as a control. For HCT15 (colon cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity is comparable to both cisplatin and doxorubicin. An in vivo hollow fiber model was used to show growth-inhibitory activity against HCT15 and image-based cytometry experiments indicated that 7 induced apoptosis as the mode of cell death. Complex 7 also showed significant antitumor activity for multidrug-resistant HCT15/CLO2 cell lines, for which doxorubicin was ineffective.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Socio‐economic factors have been shown to influence attendance in the mammography program in the county of Uppsala in Sweden 9. Furthermore, subsequent breast cancer in non‐attenders is relatively advanced on average 4, 10, 11. Patterns of attendance and stage distribution among non‐attenders might change over time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Potency and Multidrug‐Resistant Studies of Self‐Assembled Arene–Ruthenium Metallarectangles

Dubey

Min

Koo

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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“…Several hospital‐based and practice‐based studies have found that invasive tumors detected by mammography tend to be smaller and are less likely to be accompanied by positive axillary lymph nodes than tumors that are found by clinical examination or self‐detection 6–9. Similar results relating disease stage to the regular use of mammography were obtained in a small study of a general population10 and in a larger population‐based study of women age ≥ 65 years 11. However, both of those studies grouped in situ carcinoma with localized invasive carcinoma.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Increased mammography use and its impact on earlier breast cancer detection in Vermont, 1975–1999

Vacek

Geller

Weaver

et al. 2002

Cancer

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BACKGROUND A trend toward earlier breast carcinoma detection in the United States has been attributed to screening mammography, although direct evidence linking this trend to the increased use of mammography in a general population is lacking. This study examined the effects of mammography on tumor size and axillary lymph node metastasis in Vermont over 25 years. METHODS Pathology and mammography data from 3499 Vermont women who were diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma during 1975–1984, 1989–1990, and 1995–1999 were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of age, mammography use, and period on the odds of a tumor ≤ 2 cm and the odds of negative lymph nodes. RESULTS The proportion of breast tumors that were detected by screening mammography increased from 2% during 1974–1984 to 36% during 1995–1999 (P < 0.001), and these tumors were more likely to measure ≤ 2 cm than tumors that were detected by other methods. Among women age > 50 years, the odds ratio (OR) was 4.5, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 3.5–6.4. The effect was smaller in younger women (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–3.0). Mammographic detection increased the odds of negative lymph nodes by a similar amount in both age groups, although women age > 50 years were more likely to have negative lymph nodes than younger women (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1–1.6). Tumor size and lymph node metastasis also were related to the number of mammograms and to the mammographic interval. CONCLUSIONS Most of the trend toward earlier detection in Vermont was due to mammography. Mammography had a lesser effect on tumor size among younger women, which may be related to less frequent screening, although its effect on lymph node metastasis was not age dependent. Women age < 50 years were more likely to have positive lymph nodes, independent of the method of detection or the frequency of mammography. Cancer 2002;94:2160–8. © 2002 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.10459

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“…A number of observational studies however have linked regular screening to earlier stage at diagnosis [8–14] and/or reduction in breast cancer related and overall mortality[12–14,14–21]. In support of our findings others have linked longer intervals between mammograms to advanced stage and/or aggressive tumor features [5,9,11,17] or to interval cancers not detected by screening [10,17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A number of observational studies have shown a relationship between mammography screening and earlier stage and/or less aggressive disease at diagnosis [8–14] as well as reduction in overall or breast cancer related mortality among women undergoing regular screening [12–21], however others have shown none or low effectiveness of mammography [22–26]. In addition, only three studies have included women over the age of 75 [14,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammography interval and breast cancer mortality in women over the age of 75

Simon

Wassertheil‐Smoller

Thomson

et al. 2014

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Purpose To evaluate the relationship between mammography interval and breast cancer mortality among older women with breast cancer. Methods The study population included 1,914 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at age 75 or later during their participation in the Women’s Health Initiative, with an average follow-up of 4.4 years (3.1 SD). Cause of death was based on medical record review. Mammography interval was defined as the time between the last self-reported mammogram 7 or more months prior to diagnosis, and the date of diagnosis. Multivariable adjusted hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer mortality and all-cause mortality were computed from Cox proportional hazards analyses. Results Prior mammograms were reported by 73.0 % of women from 7 months to ≤ 2 year of diagnosis (referent group), 19.4% (> 2 – < 5 years), and 7.5% (≥5 years or no prior mammogram). Women with the longest vs. shortest intervals, had more poorly differentiated (28.5% vs. 22.7%), advanced stage (25.7% vs. 22.9%) and estrogen receptor negative tumors (20.9% vs. 13.1%). Compared to the referent group, women with intervals of > 2 – < 5 years or ≥ 5 years had an increased risk of breast cancer mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–2.54) and (HR 2.80, 95% CI, 1.57–5.00) respectively, p trend = 0.0002. There was no significant relationship between mammography interval and other causes of death. Conclusions These results suggest a continued role for screening mammography among women 75 years of age and older.

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Screening Mammography and Late-Stage Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Anticancer Potency and Multidrug‐Resistant Studies of Self‐Assembled Arene–Ruthenium Metallarectangles

Anticancer Potency and Multidrug‐Resistant Studies of Self‐Assembled Arene–Ruthenium Metallarectangles

Increased mammography use and its impact on earlier breast cancer detection in Vermont, 1975–1999

Mammography interval and breast cancer mortality in women over the age of 75

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