Screening Landraces for Additional Sources of Field Resistance to Cassava Mosaic Disease and Green Mite for Integration into the Cassava Improvement Program

Raji, Adebola; Ladeinde, Oluseyi; Dixon, A. G. O.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2007.00606.x

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In Table 1, genotype NR11/0124 scored lowest in the mean CAD recorded while genotypes NR11/0123, NR11/128 and TMS 30570 recorded the highest (3). However, severities of CGM across the genotypes were relatively low [18,19]. It is a fundamental knowledge in crop science that crop growth has positive and significant relationship with yield [20,21] however; trend in disease severity and tuber yield differed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of High Beta Carotene Cassava Genotypes at Advanced Trial in Nigeria

Edoh¹,

Adiele²,

Ndukwe³

et al. 2016

Open Conf. Proce. J.

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Thirteen cassava genotypes were evaluated from advanced field trial for total carotene content (TCC), % dry matter content (DMC), fresh root yield (FRY) and biotic stresses alongside two widely cultivated cassava varieties (UMUCASS 36 and TMS 30572) as checks in 2013/2014 cropping season at research station of National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI) Umudike in Nigeria. The objective of the experiment was to select promising clones for possible release to Nigeria farmers. The results of the TCC analysis ranged from 1.68-10.16 µg/g. Genotypes NR11/0063, NR11/0123 and NR11/0140 had TCC ranged from 10.47-8.72 (µg/g) which are above the national checks (UMUCASS 36 and TMS 30572) of 8.34 and 1.68(µg/g) respectively. The DMC of the genotypes ranged from 33.0-15.0 %. TMS 30572 gave the highest DMC (33.0%) while genotype NR11/0064 had the least (15.0%) DMC. Severity of cassava mosaic disease (CMD), cassava bacterial blight (CBB), cassava green mite (CGM) and cassava anthracnose disease (CAD) evaluated for 12 months varied among the genotypes. Symptom expressions of CMD, CBB and CAD were relatively higher (3.0) for genotype NR11/0123 and this resulted to low fresh root yield (FRY) of 18 t/ha whereas TMS 30572 with moderate severity (1.8) had a higher FRY of 32.6 t/ha. The severity of CGM was moderate across the genotypes with no significant difference (P<0.05) observed. Further analysis showed that CMD, CBB and CAD were significantly correlated (r=0.618, 0.699 and 0.621, p<0.05) with harvest index (HI) among the genotypes evaluated. Three genotypes were selected for further evaluation and possible release to Nigeria farmers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of High Beta Carotene Cassava Genotypes at Advanced Trial in Nigeria

Edoh¹,

Adiele²,

Ndukwe³

et al. 2016

Open Conf. Proce. J.

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“…To investigate the genotype response to CBSV, scions of TMS 96/0304 plants that were systemically infected with each of the geographical isolates were side grafted onto uninfected cassava plants for virus transmission. For these experiments, cassava lines TME 1, TME 3, TME 4, TME 117, TMS 96/0160, TMS 96/0529 and TMS 96/1089A and cassava cultivars Albert and Kibaha, popular in Tanzania, and TMS 30572, an elite cultivar widely adopted in Africa (Raji et al, 2008), were used. The presence of typical CBSV symptoms on cassava leaves, CBSV confirmation by RT-PCR using specific primers and reisolation to N. benthamiana were used to confirm virus infection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of cassava brown streak viruses reveals the presence of distinct virus species causing cassava brown streak disease in East Africa

Winter

Koerbler

Stein

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

181

215

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Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) isolates were analysed from symptomatic cassava collected between 1997 and 2008 in the major cultivation regions of East Africa. An analysis of complete RNA genomes of seven isolates from Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Uganda and Malawi revealed a common genome structure, but the isolates clearly clustered in two distinct clades. The first comprised isolates from Kenya, Uganda, Malawi, north-western Tanzania and the CBSV described previously, and shared between 87 and 95 % nucleotide sequence identity, whilst the second included isolates from coastal regions of Mozambique and Tanzania, which shared only 70 % nucleotide sequence identities with isolates of the first clade. When the amino acid sequences of viral proteins were compared, identities as low as 47 % (Ham1) and 59 % (P1) between the two clades were found. An antiserum obtained against the capsid protein of a clade 1 isolate identified a 43 kDa protein in clade 1 isolates and a 45 kDa protein in clade 2 isolates. Several cassava cultivars were susceptible to isolates of clade 2 but resistant to those of clade 1. The differences observed both in biological behaviour and in genomic and protein sequences indicate that cassava brown streak disease in East Africa is caused by at least two distinct virus species. It is suggested that those of clade 1 retain the species name Cassava brown streak virus, whilst those of clade 2 be classified as Cassava brown streak Mozambique virus.

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“…Here we describe a modified and efficient method for transformation of three farmer-preferred cassava landraces that were selected based on their virus resistance [19,22] as well as preferential and extensive use in Africa. Production of tissues suitable for transformation were generated and tested for regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust transformation procedure for the production of transgenic farmer-preferred cassava landraces

et al. 2012

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Recent progress in cassava transformation has allowed the robust production of transgenic cassava even under suboptimal plant tissue culture conditions. The transformation protocol has so far been used mostly for the cassava model cultivar 60444 because of its good regeneration capacity of embryogenic tissues. However, for deployment and adoption of transgenic cassava in the field it is important to develop robust transformation methods for farmer- and industry-preferred landraces and cultivars. Because dynamics of multiplication and regeneration of embryogenic tissues differ between cassava genotypes, it was necessary to adapt the efficient cv. 60444 transformation protocol to genotypes that are more recalcitrant to transformation. Here we demonstrate that an improved cassava transformation protocol for cv. 60444 could be successfully modified for production of transgenic farmer-preferred cassava landraces. The modified transformation method reports on procedures for optimization and is likely transferable to other cassava genotypes reportedly recalcitrant to transformation provided production of high quality FEC. Because the three farmer-preferred cassava landraces selected in this study have been identified as resistant or tolerant to cassava mosaic disease (CMD), the adapted protocol will be essential to mobilize improved traits into cassava genotypes suitable for regions where CMD limits production.

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Screening Landraces for Additional Sources of Field Resistance to Cassava Mosaic Disease and Green Mite for Integration into the Cassava Improvement Program

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of High Beta Carotene Cassava Genotypes at Advanced Trial in Nigeria

Evaluation of High Beta Carotene Cassava Genotypes at Advanced Trial in Nigeria

Analysis of cassava brown streak viruses reveals the presence of distinct virus species causing cassava brown streak disease in East Africa

Robust transformation procedure for the production of transgenic farmer-preferred cassava landraces

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