Screening hydrotreating catalysts for the valorization of a light cycle oil/scrap tires oil blend based on a detailed product analysis

Palos, Roberto; Kekäläinen, Timo; Duodu, Frank; Gutiérrez, Alazne; Arandes, José M.; Jänis, Janne; Castaño, Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.117863

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…While (−)ESI selectively ionizes polar heteroatomic species, (+)APPI is capable of a better ionization of nonpolar compounds. 21,47 The color-coded DBE vs carbon number plot corresponding to the oxygenates present in bio-oil (see Figure S1 Properties of Catalysts. The properties of the fresh ACPbased catalysts and the calcined HZSM-5 zeolite are summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The MS experiments, data processing and molecular formula assignments have been described elsewehere. 21 The DBE number, which measures the degree of unsaturation in a molecule from its estimated molecular formula, is defined by Eq. 2:…”

Section: Scheme 1 Overview Of the Reaction Media Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS) has the capability of making a great impact in the analysis of highly complex and heavy feedstocks like heavy-crude-oil-derived mixtures , or oxygenated streams. , Through this technique, the analysis of highly polar species (like those in bio-oil) is plausible using electrospray ionization (ESI), while the nonpolar hydrocarbons and neutral phenolics are preferentially ionized through atmospheric pressure photoionization ((+)APPI). Palos et al have applied (+)APPI FT-ICR/MS for elucidating the activity of a series of hydrotreatment catalysts on the upgrading of a light cycle oil and scrap tire oil (LCO/STO) blend. Al Jamri et al have also reported the power of molecular-level FT-ICR characterization for aiding in the prediction of bulk properties of bio-oil and heavy crude oil blends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results reveal the different selectivity of both ionization methods towards different component groups. While (-)ESI selectively ionizes polar heteroatomic species, (+)APPI is capable of a better ionization of nonpolar compounds 21,47. The color-coded DBE vs. carbon number plot corresponding to the oxygenates present in bio-oil (see FigureS1…”

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confidence: 99%

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In-Depth Analysis of Raw Bio-Oil and Its Hydrodeoxygenated Products for a Comprehensive Catalyst Performance Evaluation

Hita

Cordero-Lanzac

Kekäläinen

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Biomass pyrolysis liquids (bio-oils) unavoidably require catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) for their upgrading and stabilization for commercial usage. The complex composition of bio-oil constrains the fundamental kinetic understanding of the HDO. Here, we propose a multi-technique methodology to compositionally assess the complete spectrum of the HDO reactants and products, and then use it to pre-evaluate different catalysts in the HDO of a raw bio-oil obtained from black poplar. The used techniques are: micro chromatography (GC), GC with mass spectrometry (MS), bidimensional GC×GC/MS, elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, Karl-Fischer, thermogravimetric analysis, as well as Fourier ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS) using different ionization sources (ESI and APPI). The latter technique allows for the assessment of the heaviest and most refractory oxygenates in bio-oil, which have a pivotal role in the HDO catalyst performance. Three activated carbon-supported catalysts based on PtPd, NiW and CoMo mixed with a commercial HZSM-5 zeolite were used. We have been able to evaluate the multiple facets of catalyst performance: production of gases, catalytic coke, thermal lignin and most importantly, the aqueous and organic product fractions (hydrodeoxygenation of heavy species and production of light aromatics). The results of the detailed analysis methodology highlight their potential for the understanding of the HDO mechanism and for a detailed catalyst screening.

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Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Scheme 1 Overview Of the Reaction Media Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-Depth Analysis of Raw Bio-Oil and Its Hydrodeoxygenated Products for a Comprehensive Catalyst Performance Evaluation

Hita

Cordero-Lanzac

Kekäläinen

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…More advanced techniques, such as mono-or bi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), have also proven to be powerful in the detection and quantification of certain functional groups. 42,43 High-resolution Orbitrap and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR/MS) have substantially progressed in recent years as they have provided insights into the compositions of very heavy feedstocks, such as crude oil derivatives and/or blends, 44,45 oxygenated mixtures, 37,46 and coke. 47 To date, FT-ICR/MS offers the highest available mass resolution and accuracy for detecting not specifically given molecules but for identifying the compound classes present in mixtures.…”

Section: Perspective Please Do Not Adjust Marginsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric waste valorization at a crossroads: ten ways to bridge the research on model and complex/real feedstock

2021

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Mechanistic Insight into Heteroatom Removal from Vacuum Gas Oil Blended with PMMA or PET Waste

Zambrano,

Trueba,

Hita

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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This work analyzes vacuum gas oil (VGO) and hydrocracking products of feed blended with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in depth to clarify the oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur removal pathways in these complex mixtures. Hydrocracking reactions are conducted in a semi‐batch reactor with a Pt‐Pd/HY bifunctional catalyst at 400 °C and 80 bar for 300 min with 10 wt% waste plastic using 0.1 catalyst/feed weight ratio. The samples are analyzed using various techniques, including high‐resolution mass spectrometry, providing an improved, more detailed analytical representation. The results demonstrate the synergistic effect of cofeeding oxygenated plastics to the VGO, altering the preferential reaction pathways of heteroatom‐containing species in the following order: nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. We assess the chemical structures from the gathered data, establish plausible reaction mechanisms, and evaluate the catalyst’s role.

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Screening hydrotreating catalysts for the valorization of a light cycle oil/scrap tires oil blend based on a detailed product analysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 74 publications

In-Depth Analysis of Raw Bio-Oil and Its Hydrodeoxygenated Products for a Comprehensive Catalyst Performance Evaluation

In-Depth Analysis of Raw Bio-Oil and Its Hydrodeoxygenated Products for a Comprehensive Catalyst Performance Evaluation

Polymeric waste valorization at a crossroads: ten ways to bridge the research on model and complex/real feedstock

Mechanistic Insight into Heteroatom Removal from Vacuum Gas Oil Blended with PMMA or PET Waste

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