Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 1. Mild extraction by ultrasonication and quantification of extractives by reverse-phase HPLC

Abstract

Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) heartwood samples were extracted in methanol. Reverse-phase HPLC with UV detection was used for extractive separation and analysis. Six major extractives were quantified by comparing analyte response with the response factor of an internal standard using single-point calibration. The limit of detection of the method was estimated as (mg ml -1 ): (-)-plicatic acid, 0.6; g-thujaplicin, 3.0; b-thujaplicin, 3.0; b-thujaplicinol, 3.0; thujic acid, 0.6; and methyl thujate, 1.2. Yields were 36% higher for powdered than for sliced samples. A temperature of 48C during ultrasonication yielded 16% more (-)-plicatic acid than in non-cooled extractions, but did not significantly increase yields for the remaining five compounds. The recovery and repeatability of the extraction method were assessed by adding the aromatic compounds methoxyhydroquinone and 2-acetonaphthone to heartwood samples before extraction. The recovery yield was ;90% with ;5% variability.

Xylochemicals and where to find them

“…Me hinokitiol western red cedar (Thuja plicata donn) heartwood 5.8% (w/w) of extractive, [227] taiwan hinoki (0.2 mg/g sawdust) [228] P rapeseed hulls (450 mg/kg), [230] mustard meal [231] P OMe HO MeO O methyl ferulate bark of pine trees, [232] rice bran oil, [233] indonesian sausage fruit [234] P OMe OMe MeO Me asarone Acorus (70% in extract), [235][236] Asarum [237] [69] grape seed extract (approx. 6% of combined flavanol monomers, including (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin), tea extract [69] Compound Natural source…”

The Biological Activities of Troponoids and Their Use in Agriculture A Review

“…Saniewska and Saniewski (2007) documented the inhibitory effect of tropolone and hinokitiol on the mycelium growth of Phoma narcissi in vitro, a pathogen of the species family Amaryllidaceae that applied preventively substantially inhibited the growth of the pathogen on excised scales and leaves of Hippeastrum. Chedgy et al (2007) identified in Thuja plicata six major troponoids, (-)-plicatic acid, γ-thujaplicin, ß-thujaplicin, ß-thujaplicinol, thujic acid, and methyl thujate. The growth of 11 fungal isolates from T. plicata (actinomycetes, basidiomycetes, zygomycetes) was inhibited to different degrees by the total extractives of T. plicata, with the highest activity of γ-thujaplicin and ß-thujaplicin (Lim et al 2007).…”

“…Details on occurrence of ß-thujaplicin and related compounds including α-thujaplicin, γ-thujaplicin, ß-thujaplicin, ß-dolabrin, nootkatin and others ( Fig. 1) in several Cupressaceae trees were reviewed by Haluk and Roussel (2000), Chedgy et al (2007) and Zhao (2007). Distribution of troponoids (ß-thujaplicin and related compounds) was documented in the heartwood of the following tree species: Chamaecyparis obtusa, Ch.…”

Screening fungi tolerant to Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) extractives. Part 2. Development of a feeder strip assay

“…(-)-Plicatic acid, g-thujaplicin, b-thujaplicin, b-thujaplicinol, and thujic acid were extracted, separated and quantified (as mg g -1 based on dry weight) by reverse-phase (RP)-HPLC equipped with a UV detector as described by Chedgy et al (2007). plicata FS were placed onto 1% MEA and we determined the amount of extractives that leached out of the strips and accumulated in the media.…”