Screening for traumatic stress among survivors of urban trauma

Reese, Carol; Pederson, Tabitha; Avila, Susan; Joseph, Kimberly; Nagy, Kimberly; Dennis, Andrew; Wiley, Dorion; Starr, Frederic; Bokhari, Faran

doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e31825ff713

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Screen (PC-PTSD) is a four-item PTSD screen designed for use in medical settings (Reese et al, 2012) and is the current screening instrument used in Veterans Affairs (VA) centers (Prins et al, 2003). The items assess the presence or absence of the three PTSD clusters including re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of PTSD symptoms in adults admitted to a Level I trauma center: A prospective analysis

Powers

Warren

Rosenfield

et al. 2014

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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Trauma centers are an ideal point of intervention in efforts to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In order to assist in the development of prevention efforts, this study sought to identify early predictors of PTSD symptoms among adults admitted to a Level I trauma center using a novel analytic strategy (Fournier et al., 2009). Upon admission, participants (N=327) were screened for PTSD symptoms and provided information on potential predictor variables. Their PTSD symptoms were assessed again three months later (N=227). Participants were classified as: symptomatic (positive PTSD screen) or asymptomatic (negative PTSD screen) at the follow-up assessment. Multinomial logistic regression showed that, age, depression, number of premorbid psychiatric disorders, gunshot wound, auto vs. pedestrian accident, and alcohol use predicted who had PTSD symptoms at FU with 76.3% accuracy. However, when controlling for PTSD severity at baseline, only age, number of premorbid psychiatric disorders, and gunshot wounds predicted PTSD symptoms at FU but with 78.5% accuracy. These findings suggest that psychological prevention efforts in trauma centers may be best directed toward adults who are young, have premorbid psychiatric disorders, and those admitted with gunshot wounds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of PTSD symptoms in adults admitted to a Level I trauma center: A prospective analysis

Powers

Warren

Rosenfield

et al. 2014

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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“…The rate of symptoms is much higher than the rest of the population. 13,14 In addition, it has been shown that a diagnosis of PTSD is directly correlated with longer recovery times from acute injury and poorer quality of life after trauma. 15 For these reasons, it is important to identify the most at-risk trauma patients to prevent complications and improve quality of life after trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficiency of a four-item posttraumatic stress disorder screen in trauma patients

Hanley

deRoon‐Cassini

Brasel

2013

Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

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“…Such screening efforts conducted within urban, medical trauma centers have yielded rates of posttraumatic stress symptoms as high as 30 to 43% (Reese et al, 2012; Zatzick et al, 2013). Because rates of PTSD increase with repeated trauma, early screening and treatments aimed at building resilience in individuals with subclinical posttraumatic stress symptoms may prove effective in reducing incidence of future PTSD as well as CPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic stress and cardiopulmonary disease burden among low-income, urban heart failure patients

Taylor-Clift

Holmgreen

Hobfoll

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with increased risk for cardiopulmonary disease (CPD) in veterans, men, and primarily White populations. Less is known about trauma, PTSD, and CPD burden among low-income, racial minority residents who are at elevated risk for trauma and PTSD. It was hypothesized that traumatic events and PTSD would be significantly associated with CPD burden among low-income, racial minority residents. Methods We evaluated cross-sectional relationships between traumatic events, PTSD, depression, and CPD burden in 251 low-income, urban, primarily Black adults diagnosed with heart failure. Data were analyzed using bivariate analyses, logistic and linear regression. Results Forty-three percent endorsed at least one traumatic event. Twenty-one percent endorsed two or more traumatic events. In logistic regression analyses, traumatic events were associated with increased prevalence of coronary artery disease (adjusted odds=1.33, p<.05), hypertension (adjusted odds=1.28, p<.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds=1.52, p<.01), and cardiac arrest (adjusted odds=1.27, p<.05). PTSD was also related to increased risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds=1.22, p<.05) and was associated with earlier onset of heart failure (β=−.13, p < .05). Limitations The study utilizes cross-sectional, self-report data. Conclusions Findings support the link between traumatic events, PTSD, and CPD burden in low-income, primarily Black patients with heart failure. Depression appears to be less closely linked to CPD burden, despite receiving significant attention in the literature. The accumulation of traumatic events may exacerbate CPD burden among urban, low-income, racial minority residents with heart failure; findings highlight the importance of PTSD screening.

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Screening for traumatic stress among survivors of urban trauma

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Predictors of PTSD symptoms in adults admitted to a Level I trauma center: A prospective analysis

Predictors of PTSD symptoms in adults admitted to a Level I trauma center: A prospective analysis

Efficiency of a four-item posttraumatic stress disorder screen in trauma patients

Traumatic stress and cardiopulmonary disease burden among low-income, urban heart failure patients

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