Screening for Trauma Symptoms in Child Welfare-Involved Young Children: Findings from a Statewide Trauma-Informed Care Initiative

Fraser, Jenifer Goldman; Noroña, Carmen Rosa; Bartlett, Jessica Dym; Zhang, Jie; Spinazzola, Joseph; Griffin, Jessica L.; Montagna, Crystaltina; Todd, Marybeth; Bodian, Ruth; Barto, Beth

doi:10.1007/s40653-018-0240-x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Practitioners and researchers working within child-serving systems have called significant attention to the importance of using developmentally-sensitive trauma screening practices (Bartlett, 2020;Fraser et al, 2019;Scheeringa, 2019;Scheeringa et al, 2011). It is well-established that children's information processing skills, verbal and communicative abilities, and presenting symptoms can vary by developmental age and stage, and age-appropriate screening tools must be developed with this in mind.…”

Section: Sensitivity To Developmental Age and Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well-established that children's information processing skills, verbal and communicative abilities, and presenting symptoms can vary by developmental age and stage, and age-appropriate screening tools must be developed with this in mind. Evidence of such developmental sensitivity is increasingly found in child screening practices, such as with the Massachusetts Child Trauma Project's use of the aforementioned brief YCP-Screen (Scheeringa, 2019) with its young child welfare population (Fraser et al, 2019). Similarly, New Hampshire's child welfare department developed a Mental Health Screening Tool (MHST; Butcher et al, 2020) that includes varying measures based on a child's age, including the Young Child PTSD Checklist (YCPC; Scheeringa, 2013) and the UCLA PTSD-RI (Steinberg et al, 2013), among other measures.…”

Section: Sensitivity To Developmental Age and Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systematic literature reviews have also sought to catalog and summarize instrument properties (e.g., Choi & Graham-Bermann, 2018;Eklund et al, 2018;Oh et al, 2018;Stover & Berkowitz, 2005;Whitt-Woosley, 2020), finding that child trauma measures are wide-ranging in their scope, depth, provider accessibility, and training requirements for administrators. While brief screening instruments like the Child Trauma Screen (Lang & Connell, 2017), Young Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen (YCP-Screen;Fraser et al, 2019), and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children-short form (TSCC; Briere, 1996) offer the benefits of time efficiency, swift identification, and broader accessibility to a range of providers, more extensive assessments like the Clinician Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA; Nader et al, 1996) and Child and Adolescent Needs and Strengths-Trauma (CANS-Trauma;Kisiel et al, 2018) can provide salient details about the child's context, clinical diagnoses, and resources/supports. Despite the burgeoning body of literature on child trauma measurement, persistent gaps exist between the state of knowledge of children's developmental capacities, the complicated presentation of traumatic symptoms in young populations, and the translation of measures with strong research utility to practitioner-friendly tools that are well-suited for a range of practice contexts (Leigh et al, 2016;Strand et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Advancing Child Trauma Screening Practices

Evans

King

Holmes³

2022

ASW

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Child trauma screening practices have advanced considerably as child-serving systems have increasingly incorporated early identification and intervention into trauma-informed models of care. While research points to the necessity of screening practices that attend to a child’s developmental capacities, cultural background, relational strengths, contextual details surrounding the traumatic experience, and complex trauma considerations, many of these features remain absent in common brief screening measures used in practice. Pictorial screening measures may offer an innovative opportunity to address attentional concerns and developmental capacities of young and complexly traumatized children, yet are understudied in this area. The purpose of this paper is threefold: 1) highlight areas for expansion within current brief trauma screening models, 2) propose an evidence-informed framework for a pictorial complex trauma screening tool for children, and 3) offer implementation considerations for piloting the proposed screening tool. Piloting and implementation considerations address the importance of cognitive interviewing, cultural sensitivity, development of a companion response and referral protocol, and embedding principles of trauma-informed care in the training and implementation process.

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Section: Sensitivity To Developmental Age and Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitivity To Developmental Age and Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancing Child Trauma Screening Practices

Evans

King

Holmes³

2022

ASW

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“…The main objective of a trauma informed approach in the child welfare system is to try to prevent further child maltreatment and provide the caregiver, in this case adoptive, foster, and kinship parents, strategies to respond effectively to their child's behavior and mental health needs (Barto et al, 2018;Fraser et al, 2019).…”

Section: Nursing and Healthcare Provider Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This history of trauma can affect mental and physical health, educational outcomes, employment potential, and encounters with the criminal justice system (Barto et al, 2018). The main objective of a trauma informed approach in the child welfare system is to try to prevent further child maltreatment and provide the caregiver, in this case adoptive, foster, and kinship parents, strategies to respond effectively to their child's behavior and mental health needs (Barto et al, 2018; Fraser et al, 2019).…”

Section: Overview Of Nontraditional Family Building In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caring for nontraditional families: Kinship, foster, and adoptive

Foli

VanGraafeiland

Snethen

et al. 2022

Specialist Pediatric Nursing

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Purpose Information about nontraditional (kinship, foster, and adoptive) families is typically scattered or overlooked both in nursing education and nursing practice settings. Using a nursing‐centric, population‐focused lens, the current state of nontraditional families in the United States is briefly described. An overview of the challenges and psychological dynamics involved when a nonbiological parent assumes the role of caregiver is provided. Conclusion Based on the 2010 Census findings and other indicators, we now understand that nontraditional families and their children make up a considerable portion of the population. Nurses, regardless of level of practice, have the potential to positively impact health outcomes of nontraditional parents and their children. Knowledge of the formation and needs of nontraditional families can inform, and improve, culturally safe, trauma‐informed nursing care. Practice implications This discussion is a first step in appreciating the formation of nontraditional families and the importance of trauma‐informed, unbiased, nonstereotypic discourse in nursing care. By describing the heterogeneity of how families are built through kinship care, foster placements, and adoptive homes, nurses’ assessments and interventions will be informed and through a lens of the high potential for past traumas. With this foundational knowledge, nurses interfacing with nontraditional families are better prepared to provide much needed support and relevant care for this unique population.

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Screening for PTSD and functional impairment in trauma-exposed young children: evaluation of alternative CBCL-PTSD subscales

Bartels

Haag

Keller

et al. 2022

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1.5–5 years) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) subscale by Dehon & Scheeringa (2006) as a screener for PTSD in trauma-exposed young children has yielded inconsistent results so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create and examine the validity of alternative CBCL-PTSD subscales and compare them to the existing CBCL-PTSD subscale based on the DSM-5 PTSD diagnostic criteria for children 6 years and younger. Further, the CBCL-PTSD subscales were examined regarding their usefulness in screening for posttraumatic stress-related functional impairment. The sample comprised 116 trauma-exposed young children (Mage = 3.42 years, SDage = 1.21 years, female = 49.1%). The psychometric properties of the existing CBCL-PTSD subscale as well as the alternative subscales based on expert rating (CBCL-PTSD-17) and based on variable importance (CBCL-PTSD-6) were evaluated by means of receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values. Area under the curves for all three investigated CBCL-PTSD subscales were good to excellent for PTSD and functional impairment. Further, all three CBCL-PTSD subscales showed high sensitivity for PTSD and functional impairment. Considering the length and the performance of the three investigated subscales, the CBCL-PTSD-6 appears to be a promising and clinically useful CBCL-PTSD subscale as a screener for PTSD and functional impairment due to the easiest and most practicable application. For purposes of discriminant validation of the CBCL-PTSD-6, young children without a history of trauma should be compared to young children with trauma history.

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Screening for Trauma Symptoms in Child Welfare-Involved Young Children: Findings from a Statewide Trauma-Informed Care Initiative

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Advancing Child Trauma Screening Practices

Advancing Child Trauma Screening Practices

Caring for nontraditional families: Kinship, foster, and adoptive

Screening for PTSD and functional impairment in trauma-exposed young children: evaluation of alternative CBCL-PTSD subscales

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