Screening for ligninolytic fungi applicable to the biodegradation of xenobiotics

Field, Jim A.; Jong, Ed de; Feijoo, Gumersindo; Bont, J.A.M. de

doi:10.1016/0167-7799(93)90121-o

Cited by 304 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…White rot fungi are important lignin degraders, and it has been shown that the lignin-degrading extracellular ligninolytic enzymes (phenoloxidases) are responsible for the degradation of a broad rangeoforganicpollutants (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)includingpesticides (15,16,18,19,61) by nonspecific free radical mechanisms. The phenoloxidases include peroxidases (for example, manganese and lignin peroxidases) and polyphenoloxidases (for example, laccases).…”

Section: Effect Of Biomixture Composition On Microbial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobeds for Environmental Protection from Pesticide Use—A Review

Castillo

Torstensson

Stenström

2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

216

178

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Biobeds originated in Sweden in response to the need for simple and effective methods to minimize environmental contamination from pesticide use, especially when filling spraying equipment, a typical point source of contamination. The biobed system has attracted attention in several countries, where work is being conducted to adapt it to local conditions and applications. As a consequence, the biobed system has been more or less modified and sometimes renamed, for example, as biomassbed in Italy, biofilter in Belgium, and Phytobac and biobac in France. The effectiveness and simplicity of the biobed also make it suitable for use in developing countries, and different adaptations of the biobed concept now exist in, for instance, Peru, Guatemala, and Ecuador. When the modification of the biobed includes an intention to use it for retention and degradation of pesticides in sprayer washings, the construction has to be adapted to, for example, lined biobeds to ensure that no pesticide leaching will occur. Replacement of some of the original materials in the Swedish biomixture (straw, peat, and soil) can also change the performance of the system, for instance, the amount, activity, and composition of the microbial community that develops. This review presents the state of the art of biobeds and similar systems in Sweden and worldwide and identifies future research needs. Factors affecting the efficiency of biobeds in terms of degradation and retention of pesticides are discussed, with particular emphasis on the microbial processes involved.

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Section: Effect Of Biomixture Composition On Microbial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobeds for Environmental Protection from Pesticide Use—A Review

Castillo

Torstensson

Stenström

2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

216

178

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“…Aromatic-ring cleavage dioxygenase reactions indicated the presence of enzymes that catalyse the meta-cleavage pathway, and these too were found in root exudates. Ligninolytic activity in plant extracts is strongly indicated by the ability of plant tissue extracts and some root exudates to decolorize several aromatic dyes (Bumpus & Brock, 1988 ;Field et al, 1993 ;Vyas & Molitoris, 1995). Data presented here show that chemical alterations in four aromatic dyes can also be brought about by purified HRP alone.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decoloration of specific aromatic dyes was used to determine the occurrence of demethylation reactions (Bumpus & Brock, 1988), and the presence of certain ligninolytic activities (Field et al, 1993) in the enzyme systems involved. Treatment of four of these dyes with HRP and soybean root extract is documented in Table 3.…”

Section: Decoloration Of Aromatic Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of oxidoreductase enzymes in tissue extracts and sterile root exudates of three crop plants, and some properties of the peroxidase component

Gramss

Rudeschko

1998

New Phytologist

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Aqueous extracts of homogenized shoot and root tissue of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), and cress (Lepidium sativum L.), with the exudates of sterile roots of these crop plants, were examined spectrophotometrically for the activities of 20 oxidoreductase enzymes by standard procedures. In tissue extracts and root exudates, the reactions of laccase (EC 1;10;3;2), ascorbate oxidase (EC 1;10;3;3), monophenol monooxygenase (EC 1;14;18;1), and phenol 2-monooxygenase (EC 1;14;13;7) were readily detected. Of the aromatic-ring cleavage dioxygenases, those of the meta-cleavage pathway (EC 1;13;11;2 and 1;13;11;8) could also be detected. Guaiacol peroxidase (EC 1;11;1;7) was dominant in all samples. In sterile root exudates of alfalfa, this enzyme was represented by at least seven acidic isoforms. The formation of the ligninolytic Mn$ + \malonate and Mn$ + \citrate complexes from Mn# + occurred in all tissue extracts and in root exudates of alfalfa. In root extracts of soybean (Glycine max L.), the rate of Mn$ + generation correlated (P l 0n993) with the activities of endogenous plant guaiacol peroxidase and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) supplements and also with the total phenol content in tissue extracts (P l 0n984). Plant guaiacol peroxidase and purified HRP decolorized four aromatic dyes, an activity reported to be involved in ligninolysis. Although no enzymes capable of generating H # O # as a consequence of the oxidation of simple sugars, amino acids, organic acids, and aldehydes were found, traces of peroxide were detected in tissue extracts and in the root exudate of alfalfa. It is concluded that the oxidoreductases found in plant tissues also occur in root exudates of aseptic whole plants. The significance of interrelations between oxidoreductase enzymes and enzymically generated higher-valency metal ions is discussed in the context of the oxidative conversion of phenolic compounds in soil and plant tissue.

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“…Este fungo é normalmente utilizado na conversão de resíduos agroindustriais em cogumelos de importância gastronômica e funcional CHANG, 1993). Além da produção de cogumelos o micélio do L. edodes pode ser utilizado no biobranqueamento de materiais (ONYSKO, 1993;MESSNER;STREBOTNIK, 1994;REID;PAICE, 1994), na biodegradação de poluentes (FIELD et al, 1993;BARR;AUST, 1994) e na produção de biocompostos de interesse comercial, como metabólitos secundários e enzimas CHANG, 1993).…”

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