Screening for grain dormancy in segregating generations of dormant × non-dormant crosses in white-grained wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Hickey, Lee T.; Dieters, Mark J.; DeLacy, I. H.; Christopher, Mandy; Kravchuk, Olena; Banks, Phillip M.

doi:10.1007/s10681-009-0028-z

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Thus, within a 12 month timeframe, it would be possible to make crosses, screen and produce seeds for F1 to F4 generations for desirable root traits, and produce F5:6 lines with improved root traits. Also, seminal root trait screening can be easily integrated with other phenotypic screening methods adapted to the speed breeding system, such as adult plant resistance to rust pathogens (Hickey et al, 2011) and grain dormancy for adaptation to pre-harvest sprouting (Hickey et al, 2010). The clear-pot method has been successfully used in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), to identify genomic regions influencing seminal root traits (Robinson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Opportunities For Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding wheat for drought adaptation: Development of selection tools for root architectural traits

Richard¹

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A crop's ability to explore the soil profile and extract available water at different depths is largely determined by root system architecture. For instance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), it has been suggested that a narrow and deep root system can provide better access to deep soil moisture. Such root systems are particularly beneficial for rain-fed regions where crops rely heavily on stored soil moisture at depth, as encountered in the eastern Australian wheat belt. Thus, by targeting desirable root architectural traits, wheat breeders could increase genetic gain for yield in response to the growing demand for food. Yet, selection for these below-ground traits is challenging because roots are difficult to measure and are under complex genetic control. The aim of this project was to develop new phenotypic and molecular selection tools to facilitate selection for root architectural traits in Australian wheat breeding programs targeting terminal moisture stress adaptation. This project focuses on narrow seminal root angle and high number of seminal roots in wheat seedlings; two proxy traits for desirable mature root system architecture. Firstly, to overcome the lack of efficient root screening methods, a high-throughput and cost-effective method for phenotyping seminal root angle and number in wheat was developed, using clear pots in a controlled environment growth facility. Compared to pre-existing phenotyping methods, the newly developed method successfully provided higher heritability, greater repeatability, and better efficiency in terms of time, space, and labour. Further, the clear-pot method revealed a high degree of phenotypic variation for both seminal root traits. Subsequently, to test the ability to introgressed allelic variation for seminal root angle into elite Australian wheat cultivars via phenotypic selection, backcross tail populations for both narrow and wide root angle were developed, using the clear-pot method. Rapid shifts in both population distribution and allele frequency were observed after just two rounds of selection. Further, comparison of the tail populations revealed some genomic regions under selection, for which marker-assisted selection appeared successful. Hence, genetic diversity can be exploited via phenotypic and molecular selection to target desired root system architecture in wheat breeding programs.

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Section: Opportunities For Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding wheat for drought adaptation: Development of selection tools for root architectural traits

Richard¹

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“…Growing plants under prolonged photoperiod and controlled temperatures, known as 'speed breeding', was adopted by the University of Queensland, Australia and John Innes Centre, UK (Watson et al, 2018). In addition to controlled light and temperature, the concept of speed breeding requires modifications in fertilisers to accelerate plant development (Hickey et al, 2009;Hickey et al, 2010). The method has since been optimised to achieve an impressive six plant generations of durum wheat, bread wheat, chickpea and canola per year (Watson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Rt = Ira Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This dramatic increase in the number of generations per year results in increased genetic gain over time by applying phenotypic selection and also rapid generation advancement. This technology has been routinely used for phenotypic screening of a number of traits and diseases including; grain dormancy (Hickey et al, 2010), stripe rust (Hickey et al, 2011), root traits (Christopher et al, 2015), yellow spot (Dinglasan et al, 2016) and CR and leaf rust as described in Chapter 3. These phenotypic screening protocols enable phenotypic selection in parallel with rapid generation advancement to accelerate the development of inbred lines enriched with target desired traits.…”

Section: Rt = Ira Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several phenotyping protocols adapted to the speed breeding system have been developed, which enable characterisation and selection for important traits. Examples include seminal root traits for drought adaptation (Richard et al, 2015), grain dormancy for tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting (Hickey et al, 2009;Hickey et al, 2010), and disease traits such as adult plant resistance (APR) to LR (Riaz et al, 2016), stripe rust (Hickey et al, 2011) and yellow spot (Dinglasan et al, 2016) in bread wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating the development of durum wheat adapted to drought and crown rot conditions

Alahmad¹

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Global demand for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) will increase with our dramatic continuous growing population. However, production is facing climatic fluctuations and evolving pests and diseases. In Australia, the industry has encountered many challenges surrounding stable and profitable production. These include the lack of reliable rainfall throughout the production regions resulting in severe droughts, and the susceptibility of durum wheat to crown rot (CR; caused predominantly by Fusarium pseudograminearum). Damage to durum wheat crops caused by CR is exacerbated by water stress. Thus far, due to the limited protection attainable by fungicide application and lack of genetic resistance in elite durum breeding germplasm, it has been recognised that breeding varieties incorporating reduced susceptibility to CR would be the most effective control measure when effectively combined with other management practices. For example, improved root system architecture holds some promise for enhancing access to water in arid and semi-arid production areas, particularly in deep soils with high water-holding capacity. This may be advantageous in CR-affected environments if it enables improved access to water that could simultaneously help to avoid drought and so reduce the impact of CR on yield. Hence, this research aimed to identify and combine multiple desirable physiological traits, or adaptive features, to provide some tolerance to CR. Firstly, to identify genetic regions influencing root growth angle (RGA) and CR tolerance, an integrated screening method was developed for phenotyping root variation and CR tolerance, along with other important traits such as leaf rust and plant height in durum wheat. The method was adapted to speed breeding and provided plant breeders with protocols and tools to apply selection in early generations of population development. Therefore, the selection will result in enriching recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with desirable alleles and reduce the number of years required to combine these traits in elite breeding populations. Secondly, a nested association mapping (NAM) population was developed within 18 months using speed breeding technology, including an F4 generation in the field. NAM population were developed by crossing eight elite lines imported from the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) with two Australian cultivars. This population generated a significant variation for above-and below-ground traits that could be harnessed and explored using genetic mapping and breeding approaches. To identify key genomic regions associated with RGA, a subset of 393 NAM lines were phenotyped using the 'clear pot' method. Combining RGA data with 2,541 polymorphic DArTseq markers information, a major iii independent QTL (qSRA-6A) on 6A chromosome was identified. Furthermore, haplotype analysis for this QTL identified two major haplotype groups in the population, highlighting the opportunity for combining root traits with above-ground traits to better ...

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“…Phenotyping methods have been developed for SB conditions, including disease screening for wheat and barley (Dinglasen et al, 2016;Pretorius et al, 2000;Riaz et al, 2016;Hickey et al, 2017;Hickey et al, 2012) and pre-harvest sprouting in wheat (Hickey et al, 2010).…”

Section: Phenotyping Under Speed Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating genomic selection and speed breeding to increase genetic gain in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding

Watson¹

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There is a need to develop novel breeding approaches to increase the rate of genetic gain for wheat yield due to rising demand and climate volatility. Genomic selection (GS) can increase genetic gain in quantitative traits, such as yield, principally through a shorter selection cycle. 'Speed breeding' (SB) could further accelerate the breeding cycle by using extended photoperiod in the glasshouse, enabling rapid generation advance. An integrated breeding approach could include fast inbred line development, phenotyping of yield secondary traits for multivariate GS and indirect phenotypic selection for important traits prior to field trials in a target environment. The objective of this thesis was to explore a comprehensive breeding strategy that combines the aforementioned tools, aimed at increasing the rate of genetic gain in wheat. Firstly, to investigate the potential for SB application across major crop species, a sample of wheat, barley, canola and chickpea cultivars were evaluated under either 22-hour light (SB) or natural, diurnal lighting in a temperature-controlled glasshouse to quantify and compare the effects on development. Wheat and barley were also grown at high densities to investigate potential single seed descent (SSD) programs. Time to anthesis was significantly reduced for all species relative to the natural photoperiod conditions. Coupled with harvesting seed two weeks post-anthesis, SB could enable up to six generations of wheat per year. Grain and spike number were similar between lighting treatments and germination percentage was higher in grain of SB-grown plants at two weeks after flowering. These findings indicated that SB had potential to be used at multiple stages of a breeding program. In order to identify traits that could be measured under SB (SB traits) that were correlated to field-based yield and could be used in multivariate GS, an explorative study was carried out on a 135-line, bi-parental (SeriM82 x Hartog, SxH) bread wheat population. Days to anthesis (SB-DTA), plant height (SB-height), spike length and flag leaf length were measured under SB and narrow-sense heritability and genetic correlation with field-based yield was determined from previously performed field trials in three environments that varied with respect to extent and timing of water deficit. Field-based traits were also measured, including DTA, plot height and two senescence indices. The heritability of most SB and field-based traits were higher than yield heritability and SB-DTA and SB-height showed strong genetic correlations with yield (up to-0.80 and-0.66 respectively) in the irrigated environment. Further investigation with a larger, more diverse population was carried out using a previously developed 256-line, multi-reference bread wheat population, and data from two previous rain-fed yield trials. Multivariate models iii incorporating the field-based senescence indices significantly increased yield prediction ability although the addition of SB traits did not improve prediction above that of univariate mo...

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Screening for grain dormancy in segregating generations of dormant × non-dormant crosses in white-grained wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Breeding wheat for drought adaptation: Development of selection tools for root architectural traits

Breeding wheat for drought adaptation: Development of selection tools for root architectural traits

Accelerating the development of durum wheat adapted to drought and crown rot conditions

Integrating genomic selection and speed breeding to increase genetic gain in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding

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