Screening for Fungicides

Shephard, M. C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.25.090187.001201

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In modern agriculture, the use of synthetic fungicides is frequent and essential to ensure a good crop yield (Shephard, 1987; Knight et al, 1997). On the other hand, microbial metabolites may help to overcome pesticide resistance and contamination problems due to the versatility in structure and low toxicity to non-target organisms (Tanaka and Omura, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid on Mycelial Growth of Botrytis cinerea Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain

et al. 2017

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One of the most important postharvest plant pathogens that affect strawberries, grapes and tomatoes is Botrytis cinerea, known as gray mold. The fungus remains in latent form until spore germination conditions are good, making infection control difficult, causing great losses in the whole production chain. This study aimed to purify and identify phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) produced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain and to determine its antifungal activity against B. cinerea. The compounds produced were extracted with dichloromethane and passed through a chromatographic process. The purity level of PCA was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography semi-preparative. The structure of PCA was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Antifungal activity was determined by the dry paper disk and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods and identified by scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. The results showed that PCA inhibited mycelial growth, where MIC was 25 μg mL-1. Microscopic analysis revealed a reduction in exopolysaccharide (EPS) formation, showing distorted and damaged hyphae of B. cinerea. The results suggested that PCA has a high potential in the control of B. cinerea and inhibition of EPS (important virulence factor). This natural compound is a potential alternative to postharvest control of gray mold disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid on Mycelial Growth of Botrytis cinerea Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain

et al. 2017

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“…The use of resistant varieties/rootstocks and fungicides are therefore the simplest and most eff ective methods to reduce the severity of fungal diseases (Dubin and Rajaram, 1996;Shephard, 1997). However, resistance is overcome by the genetic diversity of fungal pathogens as well as by genotype × environmental interactions (Bayles et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of silicon (Si) in increasing plant resistance against fungal diseases

Sakr

2016

Hellenic Plant Protection Journal

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Summary The use of silicon (Si) in agriculture has attracted a great deal of interest from researchers because of the numerous benefits of this element to plants. The use of silicon has decreased the intensity of several diseases in crops of great economic importance. In this study, the relationship between silicon nutrition and fungal disease development in plants was reviewed. The current review underlines the agricultural importance of silicon in crops, the potential for controlling fungal plant pathogens by silicon treatment, the different mechanisms of silicon-enhanced resistance, and the inhibitory effects of silicon on plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. By combining the data presented in this paper, a better comprehension of the relationship between silicon treatments, increasing plant resistance, and decreasing severity of fungal diseases could be achieved.

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“…In modern agriculture, synthetic fungicides are essential for the effective control of plant diseases 1. 2 However, some synthetic fungicides have been withdrawn because of adverse environmental effects and others are less effective because of the onset of fungicide resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo control andin vitro antifungal activity of rhamnolipid B, a glycolipid antibiotic, againstPhytophthora capsici andColletotrichum orbiculare

2000

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The glycolipid antibiotic rhamnolipid B isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain B5 was evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity and in vivo control against phytophthora blight and anthracnose under glasshouse conditions. Rhamnolipid B showed antifungal activity against Cercospora kikuchii, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Cylindrocarpon destructans, Magnaporthe grisea and Phytophthora capsici. Microscopic observation revealed that the high level of antifungal activity (10 mg ml À1 ) against P capsici was mainly due to a lytic effect on zoospores. Zoospore lysis began in the presence of 10 mg ml À1 of rhamnolipid B and most of the zoospores were collapsed at 25 mg ml À1 . Rhamnolipid B showed inhibitory activity against the germination of zoospores and hyphal growth of P capsici at concentrations of 50 mg ml À1 . Spore germination of the anthracnose plant pathogen C orbiculare was also inhibited in the presence of 50 mg ml À1 of rhamnolipid B, although hyphal growth was not affected at this concentration. In the glasshouse, the ef®cacy of rhamnolipid B against phytophthora blight was similar to that of metalaxyl on pepper plants when treated just before inoculation with P capsici. Treatment with either at 500 mg ml À1 completely protected pepper plants from phytophthora blight. Rhamnolipid B also suppressed the development of C orbiculare infection on leaves of cucumber plants.

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Screening for Fungicides

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

The Effect of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid on Mycelial Growth of Botrytis cinerea Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain

The Effect of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid on Mycelial Growth of Botrytis cinerea Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain

The role of silicon (Si) in increasing plant resistance against fungal diseases

In vivo control andin vitro antifungal activity of rhamnolipid B, a glycolipid antibiotic, againstPhytophthora capsici andColletotrichum orbiculare

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