Screening for Fever by Remote-sensing Infrared Thermographic Camera

Abstract

IRT readings from the side of the face, especially from the ear at 0.5 m, yielded the most reliable, precise and consistent estimates of conventionally determined body temperatures. Our results have important implications for walk-through IRT scanning/screening systems at airports and border crossings, particularly as the point prevalence of fever in such subjects would be very low.

Fever detection for dynamic human environment using sensor fusion

“…Temperature data procured from the face region considering different distances of camera and the subject under controlled environmental conditions was compared with the temperature data gained by conventional thermometers. According to these data, the Infrared thermography readings from sides of face particularly from ear at 0.5m yielded most reputable, accurate and consistent estimates of conventionally determined body temperatures [18]. …”

“…Infrared spectrum is in turn subdivided into five regions: the shortwave region from 0.7-3 μm, mid wave region from 3-5 μm, long wave region from [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] μm, and the Far/Extreme IR from 14-1000 μm [13]. As an example, Infrared cameras for fever 6 screening work in the range of long wave infrared region [14]. The aforementioned spectral regions are schematized in Figure 2.1 [11].…”

“…The temperature threshold should be consistent throughout the operation to guarantee screening accuracy [18]. Temperature threshold location in the target plane must be taken into account in order to determine its stability.…”

“…Several studies were leaded to IR thermography effectiveness evaluation in fever screening [18] [19] [22] [23]. In particular studies were conducted to find an answer for the flowing:…”

“…However, these analysis were performed on only one subject at a time and under controlled environmental conditions. Best human body spot at which the skin temperature correlates with the core body temperature the best was studied in [18]. Temperature data procured from the face region considering different distances of camera and the subject under controlled environmental conditions was compared with the temperature data gained by conventional thermometers.…”