Screening for Ergot Resistance in Sorghum

Tegegne, G.; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit; Mulatu, T.; Kebede, Yilma

doi:10.1094/pd-78-0873

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…At least 20 panicles were observed in each plot for presence or absence of the disease and percentage disease incidence was calculated. The second rating was based on a 1–5 scale (Tegegne et al ., 1994) and represents severity of sugary disease within a representative sample of the plot as follows: 1, no infected florets on the panicle; 2, 1–10 infected florets on the panicle; 3, 11–25 infected florets on the panicle; 4, 26–50 infected florets on the panicle; 5, > 50 infected florets on the panicle. Days to 50% anthesis were recorded for each plot.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sorghum germplasm used in US breeding programmes for sources of sugary disease resistance*

Dahlberg¹,

Bandyopadhyay

Rooney

et al. 2001

Plant Pathology

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Ergot or sugary disease of sorghum has become an important constraint in North and South American countries that rely on F 1 hybrid seeds for high productivity. The objective of this research was to determine the vulnerability of various germplasm sources and publicly bred sorghum lines to sugary disease (Claviceps africana) in the United States. Flower characteristics associated with sugary disease resistance were also studied. A-/B-line pairs, R-lines, putative sources of resistance and their hybrid combinations with an A 3 cytoplasmic male-sterile source were evaluated using a disease incidence, severity, and dual-ranking system. Trials were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and repeated in at least two planting dates. Planting dates and pedigrees had significant effects on overall ranking for resistance. A-lines were most susceptible to sugary disease. R-lines were more susceptible than B-lines with respect to incidence and severity of the disease. Newer releases of A-and B-lines were more susceptible to sugary disease than older releases. Sugary disease reaction of A-lines was a good indicator of disease reaction of B-lines. Tx2737, a popular R-line, was highly susceptible to sugary disease in spite of being a good pollen shedder because the stigma emerged from glumes 2±3 days before anthesis. The combination of flower characteristics associated with resistance were least exposure time of stigma to inoculum before pollination, rapid stigma drying after pollination, and small stigma. An Ethiopian male-fertile germplasm accession, IS 8525, had good levels of resistance. Its A 3 male-sterile hybrid had the highest level of resistance in the male-sterile background. IS 8525 should be exploited in host-plant resistance strategies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sorghum germplasm used in US breeding programmes for sources of sugary disease resistance*

Dahlberg¹,

Bandyopadhyay

Rooney

et al. 2001

Plant Pathology

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“…In previous studies, ergot severity assessments were generally conducted between 20 and 40 DAI (McLaren, 1992;Tegegne et al, 1994;Musabyimana et al, 1995). This study has shown that ergot severity per panicle generally increased from 10 to 15 DAI, and thereafter, only negligible or no increases in the number of ergot-infected florets were observed (Figures 2, 3, and 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…A single spray or sponge inoculation before flower initiation, followed by bagging of the panicles for 7 days, was the most effective in identifying genotypes that may possess genes for ergot resistance. Similarly, research conducted in Africa and Asia by Tegegne et al (1994) and Musabyimana et al (1995) showed that a single inoculation at the beginning of anthesis, followed by bagging, was most suitable in screening sorghum for resistance to ergot in those environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Inoculation techniques previously used by other workers include: single or multiple spray inoculation at (1) 10% pollen shed in male-fertile; or stigma emergence in male-sterile non-bagged panicles, (2) anthesis only when the tip of the panicles or 25% or more spikelets had completed flowering followed by bagging for 7-10 days (McLaren, 1992;Tegegne et al, 1994;Musabyimana et al, 1995). Musabyimana et al (1995) also adopted the dipping method, in which panicles are immersed in a spore suspension.…”

Section: Abstract Sorghum Bicolor Inoculation Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inoculation Techniques for Identifying Resistance in Sorghum Genotypes to Sorghum Ergot

Prom

Erpelding²,

Isakeit

et al. 2005

Journal of New Seeds

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“…Various germplasm collection missions resulted in large number of accessions conserved in national and international conservation centers as well as breeding institutions (Gebrekidan, 1982;Prasada Rao and Mengesha, 1987). The collections showed useful variability for various traits such as grain quality, disease resistance, drought resistance and other desirable agronomic characteristics (Singh and Axtell, 1973;Prasada Rao and Mengesha, 1987;Kebede, 1991;Tegegne et al, 1994;Tuintsra et al, 1997;Subudhi et al, 2000;Wu et al, 2006;Reddy et al, 2006;Kassahun et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic patterns of phenotypic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) landraces from North Eastern Ethiopia

Desmae¹,

Jordan²,

Godwin³

2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Understanding the pattern of genetic variability is an important component of germplasm collection and conservation as well as the crop's improvement process including the selection of parents for making new genetic recombination. Nine hundred seventy four sorghum landraces from North Eastern (NE) Ethiopia were evaluated for agro-morphologic characters to assess geographic patterns of phenotypic diversity and to identify whether there are specific areas of high diversity for particular traits. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H′) for qualitative traits ranged from 0.30 to 0.93 (mean = 0.67) for grain covering and grain color, respectively. The landraces also displayed highly significant differences (p<0.01) for all the quantitative traits with days to flowering ranging from 64 to 157 days (range = 93), days to maturity from 118 to 215 (range=97) days, plant height from 115 to 478 cm; 1000-seeds weight from 18 to 73 g, and grain number from 362 to 9623. The first five principal component axes captured 71% of the total variation with days to flowering and maturity, leaf number and length, panicle weight, grain weight and number per panicle, panicle length, length of primary branches, 1000-seeds weight and internode length accounting for most of the variability. Cluster analysis grouped the landraces into ten clusters. The clustering of zones and districts revealed close relationship between geographic locations based on proximities and agro-ecological similarities. Differentiation analysis showed that most of the landraces variability was within rather than between geographic origins of the landraces, indicating weak genetic differentiation among landraces from predefined geographic origins such as political administrative zones and districts. The weak differentiation might be due to frequent gene flow across the study area because of seed exchanges among farmers.

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Screening for Ergot Resistance in Sorghum

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of sorghum germplasm used in US breeding programmes for sources of sugary disease resistance*

Evaluation of sorghum germplasm used in US breeding programmes for sources of sugary disease resistance*

Inoculation Techniques for Identifying Resistance in Sorghum Genotypes to Sorghum Ergot

Geographic patterns of phenotypic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) landraces from North Eastern Ethiopia

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