Screening for erectile dysfunction: rationale

Goldstein, Irwin

doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3900595

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is difficult to determine which variable (e.g., ED or anxiety/depressive symptomatology) takes precedence, or is etiologically antecedent. Both ED and depressive symptoms seem to exhibit multifactorial etiologies, including organic and nonorganic components [30]. However, this study of a relatively large sample could be very helpful in teasing out a clue in terms of ED etiology and may help to form prevention strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Erectile Dysfunction, Depression, and Anxiety in Japanese Subjects

Sugimori

Yoshida

Tanaka

et al. 2005

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Aims This study aimed to elucidate the relationships between erectile dysfunction (ED) and depression or anxiety. Methods Subjects were 1,419 Japanese men aged 40–64 years. ED was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function 5 (IIEF-5) score (Japanese version), and depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In this study ED cases were defined as those whose IIEF-5 value was less than 12, and a score of 8 or higher was used to classify a subject as suffering from depression or anxiety, respectively. The prevalence odds ratio (OR) of ED was calculated with confidence interval (CI) estimated by the Woolf's method by five age groups (40–44, 45–49, 50–54, 55–59, 60–64 years). To control for age, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol drinking factors, we conducted the multivariate logistic regression analysis for calculating adjusted ORs and 99% CIs. Results ED was significantly associated with depression in age groups 45–49 (OR 3.42, 99% CI 1.51–7.76) and 50–54 years (OR 2.43, 99% CI 1.11–5.35). After using multivariate analysis, adjusted OR also showed statistical significance. (OR 2.02, 99% CI 1.32–3.08). ED was significantly associated with anxiety in the 50–55-year-old age group (OR 2.48, 99% CI 1.12–5.47). After using multivariate analysis, adjusted OR also showed statistical significance (OR 1.77, 99% CI 1.15–2.72). The concomitant depression and anxiety group (A+D+) had significantly higher prevalence of ED than the control group (A–D–) in both the 45–49 and 50–54 age groups. (P < 0.01) Conclusion ED associated significantly with depression and anxiety status only in late 40s to early 50s (45–55 years) in male Japanese. Furthermore, comorbidities of depression and anxiety strengthen this association. Our results might be useful in furthering understanding of ED etiology and determining a target population for prevention in ED subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Erectile Dysfunction, Depression, and Anxiety in Japanese Subjects

Sugimori

Yoshida

Tanaka

et al. 2005

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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“…It is not only an alarm sign of CVD, but also has a negative impact on personal relationships, and causes anxiety and loss of self-esteem [7,8]. Neurogenic, hormonal, and psychogenic factors can contribute to ED, but vascular phenomena are thought be most important [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid artery intima-media thickness and erectile dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome

Ünal

Aksoy²,

Aydın

et al. 2014

Med Sci Monit

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BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MS) has become a pandemic in Turkey, as is the case globally. Increase in carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and erectile dysfunction (ED) may be evident before the clinical signs of cardiovascular disease appear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of increased CIMT and ED as markers of atherosclerotic disease in patients with MS.Material/MethodsThirty-two patients with MS and 29 healthy controls were included. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, along with total testosterone (TT), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were recorded. Carotid artery intima-media thickness was measured. Erectile dysfunction was assessed with International Index of Erectile Function.ResultsPatients with MS had higher BMI, fasting plasma glucose, post-prandial plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, hs-CRP, and CIMT, whereas TT levels were lower (p<0.0001). The prevalence and severity of erectile dysfunction were higher in patients with MS (p<0.0001). Erectile dysfunction scores correlated inversely with CIMT. MS patients with ED were older and had higher CIMT compared to those without ED. Increase in age and HOMA and decrease in TT increased the risk of ED. When KIMT exceeding the 95th percentile of healthy controls was accepted as a risk factor for CVD, presence of ED was the only determinant for this increase.ConclusionsErectile dysfunction was more prevalent and severe in patients with MS and correlated with subclinical endothelial dysfunction. Total testosterone deficiency was prominent among MS patients. Presence of ED points to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease when MS is present.

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“…ED may be an early sign of systemic atherosclerosis, and it is also associated with depression [15]. Hence, it is essential to detect ED with the intention of treating sexual dysfunction as well as underlying systemic diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Scores in the Sexual Health Inventory for Men Questionnaire May Indicate Sexual Disorders Other Than Erectile Dysfunction

Heruti

Ashkenazi

Shochat

et al. 2005

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Introduction A screening program aimed at early detection of erectile dysfunction, among other hidden morbidities, is offered by the medical services of the Israel Defense Force for career servicemen. Men apparently with erectile dysfunction can turn to a sexual rehabilitation specialist for consultation. Aim To present our experience in sexual evaluation of men with low scores in the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire. Methods Men aged 25–50 years go through a routine check-up at the Staff Periodic Examination Center. The SHIM questionnaire was used to characterize erectile dysfunction. Men who had scored low in the SHIM questionnaire were referred to a sexual consultation and evaluation. Results During 2001–2003, 11,914 men reported to the Staff Periodic Examination Center (mean age 34.8 ± 7.1 years). Among 5,836 men who filled out the SHIM questionnaire (compliance of 48.9%), 1,570 (26.9%) men scored low. Of those men with low SHIM scores, 7.2% (114/1,570) underwent a sexual dysfunction evaluation. Only 50% (57/114) of the men in fact had erectile dysfunction, of whom 15.7% (9/57) also had premature ejaculation. In addition, 38.5% (44/114) of the men were found to have premature ejaculation only, and the rest (14/114, 9.7%) had other sexual dysfunctions or lack of sexual knowledge. Conclusion The SHIM questionnaire is a valuable tool for detecting various sexual dysfunctions other than erectile dysfunction. Incorporating the SHIM questionnaire in a routine check-up encourages men to seek consultation and treatment for sexual disorders. In addition, the SHIM questionnaire encourages men to seek sexual education and increase their awareness of issues concerning sexual health.

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Screening for erectile dysfunction: rationale

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Relationships Between Erectile Dysfunction, Depression, and Anxiety in Japanese Subjects

Relationships Between Erectile Dysfunction, Depression, and Anxiety in Japanese Subjects

Carotid artery intima-media thickness and erectile dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome

Low Scores in the Sexual Health Inventory for Men Questionnaire May Indicate Sexual Disorders Other Than Erectile Dysfunction

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