Screening for Body Dysmorphic Disorder among Patients Seeking Dermatological and Cosmetic Care: A Cross-sectional Study

Peeters, V.; Janmohamed, Sherief R.; Baharlou, Samira; Gutermuth, Jan; Willemsen, Ria

doi:10.2340/actadv.v101.279

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Current studies of the incidence of BDD in specific dermatological diseases have shown that the incidence of BDD is 4.2–7.9% in people in general dermatology clinics, 12,29,32 8.6–25.5% in people in cosmetic clinics, 32–34 20.9–29.6% in people with hair loss, 19,30 and 8.8–21.1% in patients with acne 17,18 . Our findings suggest that the incidence of BDD in patients with melasma is higher than that in general dermatology clinics, and is lower than that in cosmetic clinics, hair loss, and acne.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms in patients with melasma

Zhu,

Du,

Shen

et al. 2024

Int J Dermatology

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BackgroundBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by extreme preoccupation with non‐existent or minor defects in appearance, disrupting daily functioning. Melasma is a common concern among BDD patients with dermatological conditions. This study aimed to estimate the incidence and characteristics of BDD in patients with melasma, and compare the psychological condition of patients and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls.MethodsPatients with melasma and healthy controls were screened using the BDD Questionnaire (BDDQ), Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS). A questionnaire was administered to collect demographic information and clinical characteristics. Standard statistical tests were conducted, such as descriptive analysis, chi‐square, and nonparametric tests. The level of statistical significance for all tests was set at a P < 0.05.ResultsAmong the 470 patients with melasma included in the study, 53 were positive for BDDQ in the preliminary screening and were associated with a history of treatment, higher Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), and Melasma Quality of Life (MELASQoL) scores, and higher SAS and SDS scores. The positive rate of BDDQ ranged from 0.4%, using the most stringent criteria to assess melasma severity, to 11.3%, without using objective criteria. Compared to healthy controls, patients with melasma had a higher positive rate of BDDQ and higher SAS and SDS scores.ConclusionIn patients with melasma who exaggerate the severity of the disease, psychiatric treatment and the patient‐physician relationship have a positive effect. This study assessed the positive rate of BDDQ in melasma and proposed the feasibility of psychiatric treatment for patients with melasma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…12,28,31,39 However, some studies have suggested a relationship between local education levels and positive screening for BDDQ. 34 Disease duration and treatment time were not statistically different between BDDQ-positive and BDDQ-negative patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms in patients with melasma

Zhu,

Du,

Shen

et al. 2024

Int J Dermatology

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“…We accepted the authors' own study‐quality classification of level II, which was the highest LOE found. Two level IV cross‐sectional prospective studies evaluated BDD prevalence, either using the validated BDDQ among plastic and oculoplastic surgery population, 6 or the validated BDDQ‐DV that was applied within the dermatology care 41 . Further three studies assessing BDD prevalence in a variety of aesthetic settings and using screening tools were downgraded level V due to some inconsistencies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seven relevant primary studies included, either using validated screening tools or developing measures that purport to screen for BDD, were individual observational reports on varying settings such as oculoplastic and/or plastic surgery, 6 rhinoplasty, 51 cosmetic dermatology and/or specifically for acne concerns, 13,34,41 dentistry or prosthodontic practice, 49 and exclusively in non-surgical minimally invasive treatments. 84 One noncontrolled prospective cohort by Spataro et al, 51 evaluated the convergent validity of BDDQ-AS and a rhinoplasty outcomes tool (SCHNOS) to identify BDD.…”

Section: Study Characteristics and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two level IV cross-sectional prospective studies evaluated BDD prevalence, either using the validated BDDQ among plastic and oculoplastic surgery population, 6 or the validated BDDQ-DV that was applied within the dermatology care. 41 Further three studies assessing BDD prevalence in a variety of aesthetic settings and using screening tools were downgraded level V due to some inconsistencies. For example, Pikoos et al 84 modified the original BDDQ-DV screening tool, while Rodríguez et al 49 for BDD using a modified version of COPS in cosmetic dermatology practice, which was also graded level V due to methodological limitations.…”

Section: Study Characteristics and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence‐based review: Screening body dysmorphic disorder in aesthetic clinical settings

Pereira

Chattopadhyay

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2023

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disturbance with high incidence in aesthetic clinical settings. Early recognition may avoid unnecessary elective procedures with ethical and medicolegal consequences. Aims:To identify validated BDD screening tools and critically appraise current literature regarding its implementation and efficacy in aesthetic medicine and surgery scenarios, with the purpose of transposing the findings to the broad clinical settings in the field. Methods: Data was collected using advanced search from PubMed (MEDLINE). Having satisfied the search parameters, 12 studies referring BDD definition according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5) criteria and including a BDD screening tool in clinical aesthetic settings were selected. Results: While BDD screening enables the recognition of at-risk individuals, further work is required to uncover the best screening tool for general aesthetic clinical practice. Level III evidence favored BDD Questionnaire (BDDQ)/BDDQ-Dermatology Version (DV), and The Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ) among the limited available validated screening instruments to be used outside the psychiatric environment. Based on level II self-classification, one study selected BDDQ-Aesthetic Surgery (AS) version for rhinoplasty patients. The validation process of both BDDQ-AS and Cosmetic Procedure Screening Questionnaire (COPS) had limitations. For BDD screening potential in avoiding postoperative complications, the limited studies found evaluating the outcomes following aesthetic treatments using validated BDD screening measures showed a trend toward less satisfaction with aesthetic treatment outcome among positive screening population against non-BDD counterparts. Conclusion:Further research is necessary to establish more effective methods to identify BDD and evaluate the impact of positive findings on aesthetic intervention outcomes. Future studies may elucidate which BDD characteristics best predict a favorable outcome and provide high-quality evidence for standardized protocols in research and clinical practice.

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Screening for Body Dysmorphic Disorder among Patients Seeking Dermatological and Cosmetic Care: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract: is missing (Short communication)

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms in patients with melasma

Body dysmorphic disorder symptoms in patients with melasma

Evidence‐based review: Screening body dysmorphic disorder in aesthetic clinical settings

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