Screening for Anti-Cancer Compounds in Marine Organisms in Oman

Dobretsov, Sergey; Tamimi, Yahya; Al-Kindi, Mohamed; Burney, Ikram A.

doi:10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.006

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The four selected extracts decreased cell viability at fairly low doses, in contrast to some previous reports [114,115]. This antiproliferative effect was observed rapidly after cells were treated (particularly with the PS and NB extracts), as evidenced by morphological alterations such as cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing and rounded or detached cells (which were observed on a Cell Imaging Multi-Mode Reader).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Marine Invertebrate Extracts Induce Colon Cancer Cell Death via ROS-Mediated DNA Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Impairment

et al. 2019

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Marine compounds are a potential source of new anticancer drugs. In this study, the antiproliferative effects of 20 invertebrate marine extracts on three colon cancer cell models (HGUE-C-1, HT-29, and SW-480) were evaluated. Extracts from two nudibranchs (Phyllidia varicosa, NA and Dolabella auricularia, NB), a holothurian (Pseudocol ochirus violaceus, PS), and a soft coral (Carotalcyon sp., CR) were selected due to their potent cytotoxic capacities. The four marine extracts exhibited strong antiproliferative effects and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition, which evolved into early apoptosis in the case of the CR, NA, and NB extracts and necrotic cell death in the case of the PS extract. All the extracts induced, to some extent, intracellular ROS accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, caspase activation, and DNA damage. The compositions of the four extracts were fully characterized via HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis, which identified up to 98 compounds. We propose that, among the most abundant compounds identified in each extract, diterpenes, steroids, and sesqui- and seterterpenes (CR); cembranolides (PS); diterpenes, polyketides, and indole terpenes (NA); and porphyrin, drimenyl cyclohexanone, and polar steroids (NB) might be candidates for the observed activity. We postulate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is responsible for the subsequent DNA damage, mitochondrial depolarization, and cell cycle arrest, ultimately inducing cell death by either apoptosis or necrosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Marine Invertebrate Extracts Induce Colon Cancer Cell Death via ROS-Mediated DNA Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Impairment

et al. 2019

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“…These bioactive compounds may be considered as an important source for drug discovery. Soft corals, seaweed and algae, sponges, bacteria, and fungi are some of the marine organisms that have been researched for potential bioactivity (Dobretsov et al, 2016). They have been reported to elaborate alkaloids, anthraquinones, ethers and many other chemical families that possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and cytotoxic activities (Lee et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Common Microorganism Isolates In the Persian Gulf And Gulf Of Oman In Relation To The Red Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive marine metabolites derived from the Persian Gulf compared to the Red Sea: similar environments and wide gap in drug discovery

Abuhijjleh

Shabbir

Al‐Abd

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Marine life has provided mankind with unique and extraordinary chemical structures and scaffolds with potent biological activities. Many organisms and secondary metabolites derived from fungi and symbionts are found to be more environmentally friendly to study than the marine corals per se. Marine symbionts such as Aspergillus sp., a fungus, which can be isolated and grown in the lab would be a potential and continuous source of bioactive natural compounds without affecting the marine environment. The Red Sea is known for its biodiversity and is well-studied in terms of its marine-derived bioactive metabolites. The harsh environmental conditions lead to the development of unique metabolic pathways. This, in turn, results in enhanced synthesis and release of toxic and bioactive chemicals. Interestingly, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman carry a variety of environmental stresses, some of which are similar to the Red Sea. When compared to the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf has been shown to be rich in marine fungi as well, and is, therefore, expected to contain elaborate and interesting bioactive compounds. Such compounds may or may not be similar to the ones isolated from the Red Sea environment. Astoundingly, there are a very limited number of studies on the bioactive portfolio of marine-derived metabolites from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. In this perspective, we are looking at the Red Sea as a comparator marine environment and bioactive materials repertoire to provide a futuristic perspective on the potential of the understudied and possibly overlooked bioactive metabolites derived from the marine life of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman despite its proven biodiversity and harsher environmental stress.

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“…The extract did not display anti-cancer activity (IC 50 = 97 μg/mL). Further studies should be carried out to identify the compound/s involved [120].…”

Section: Active Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phylum Bryozoa as a Promising Source of Anticancer Drugs

Figuerola

Ávila

2019

Marine Drugs

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Recent advances in sampling and novel techniques in drug synthesis and isolation have promoted the discovery of anticancer agents from marine organisms to combat this major threat to public health worldwide. Bryozoans, which are filter-feeding, aquatic invertebrates often characterized by a calcified skeleton, are an excellent source of pharmacologically interesting compounds including well-known chemical classes such as alkaloids and polyketides. This review covers the literature for secondary metabolites isolated from marine cheilostome and ctenostome bryozoans that have shown potential as cancer drugs. Moreover, we highlight examples such as bryostatins, the most known class of marine-derived compounds from this animal phylum, which are advancing through anticancer clinical trials due to their low toxicity and antineoplastic activity. The bryozoan antitumor compounds discovered until now show a wide range of chemical diversity and biological activities. Therefore, more research focusing on the isolation of secondary metabolites with potential anticancer properties from bryozoans and other overlooked taxa covering wider geographic areas is needed for an efficient bioprospecting of natural products.

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Screening for Anti-Cancer Compounds in Marine Organisms in Oman

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Marine Invertebrate Extracts Induce Colon Cancer Cell Death via ROS-Mediated DNA Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Impairment

Marine Invertebrate Extracts Induce Colon Cancer Cell Death via ROS-Mediated DNA Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Impairment

Bioactive marine metabolites derived from the Persian Gulf compared to the Red Sea: similar environments and wide gap in drug discovery

The Phylum Bryozoa as a Promising Source of Anticancer Drugs

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