Screening for 18 diuretics and probenecid in doping analysis by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Deventer, Koen; Delbeke, Frans; Roels, K.; Eenoo, Peter Van

doi:10.1002/bmc.201

Cited by 79 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Multiresidue analysis of diuretic drugs is primarily directed at doping analysis (Deventer et al, 2002(Deventer et al, , 2009Goebel, Trout, & Kazlauskas, 2004;Thevis & Schänzer, 2005;Mazzarino, de la Torre, & Botrè, 2008;Tsai & Lee, 2008). Most diuretics are analyzed in negative-ion mode (Goebel, Trout, & Kazlauskas, 2004).…”

Section: Diuretic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Niessen¹

2011

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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The identification of drugs and related compounds by LC-MS-MS is an important analytical challenge in several application areas, including clinical and forensic toxicology, doping control analysis, and environmental analysis. Although target-compound based analytical strategies are most frequently applied, at some point the information content of the MS-MS spectra becomes relevant. In this article, the positive-ion MS-MS spectra of a wide variety of drugs and related substances are discussed. Starting point was an MS-MS mass spectral library of toxicologically relevant compounds, available on the internet. The positive-ion MS-MS spectra of ∼570 compounds were interpreted by chemical and therapeutic class, thus involving a wide variety of drug compound classes, such benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, phenothiazines, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, diuretics, local anesthetics, vasodilators, as well as various subclasses of anti-diabetic, antidepressant, analgesic, and antihistaminic drugs. In addition, the scientific literature was searched for available MS-MS data of these compound classes and the interpretation thereof. The results of this elaborate study are presented in this article. For each individual compound class, the emphasis is on class-specific fragmentation, as discussing fragmentation of all individual compounds would take far too much space. The recognition of class-specific fragmentation may be quite informative in determining the compound class of a specific unknown, which may further help in the identification. In addition, knowledge on (class-specific) fragmentation may further help in the optimization of the selectivity in targeted analytical approaches of compounds of one particular class.

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Section: Diuretic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Niessen¹

2011

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…Drugs belonging to the classes of diuretics, masking agents such as probenecid, and other polar compounds such as RSR 13 (Efaproxiral) are also detectable in comprehensive LC-MS(/MS) screening procedures, in particular after LLE at different pH values or SPE (Sanz-Nebot et al, 2001;Thieme et al, 2001;Deventer et al, 2002;Qin et al, 2003). The heterogeneous nature of diuretics has required sophisticated sample preparation procedures that allow the extraction of a huge variety of analytes, and ESI or APCI have demonstrated sufficient ionization efficiencies in positive and negative ionization modes for alkaline and acidic analytes, respectively.…”

Section: Diuretics/masking Agents/rsr 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry in sports drug testing: Structure characterization and analytical assays

Thevis

Schänzer

2006

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

176

128

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Owing to the sensitive, selective, and unambiguous nature of mass spectrometric analyses, chromatographic techniques interfaced to various kinds of mass spectrometers have become the most frequently employed strategy in the fight against doping. To obtain utmost confidence in analytical assays, mass spectrometric characterization of target analytes and typical dissociation pathways have been utilized as basis for the development of reliable and robust screening as well as confirmation procedures. Methods for qualitative and/or quantitative determinations of prohibited low and high molecular weight drugs have been established in doping control laboratories preferably employing gas or liquid chromatography combined with electron, chemical, or atmospheric pressure ionization followed by analyses using quadrupole, ion trap, linear ion trap, or hyphenated techniques. The versatility of modern mass spectrometers enable specific as well as comprehensive measurements allowing sports drug testing laboratories to determine the misuse of therapeutics such as anabolic-androgenic steroids, stimulants, masking agents or so-called designer drugs in athletes' blood or urine specimens, and a selection of recent developments is summarized in this review.

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“…3,4 However, an important number of papers in which LC-MS determination of SPR from urine (doping agents screening) and milk are described. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In the present study, we attempted to develop a fast and sensitive LC-MS/MS method able to quantify SPR and CNR in human plasma after oral administration of a single dose of 100 mg (2 × 50 mg) SPR by applying a simple protein precipitation, with a very short run-time. Finally, the developed and verified method was used for bioequivalence investigation of two oral medicinal products containing 50 mg SPR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Spironolactone and Canrenone in Human Plasma by High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry Detection

Vlase¹,

Imre²,

Achim³

et al. 2011

Croat. Chem. Acta

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Abstract.A new simple, sensitive and LC-MS/MS method for quantification of spironolactone and its metabolite, canrenone, in human plasma is proposed. The analytes were analysed on a C18 column at 48 ºC, by using a mobile phase of 58 % methanol, 42 % 10 mmol dm −3 ammonim acetate in water and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection of both analytes in plasma was performed as follows: ESI+, EIC (m/z 169;187;283;305) from m/z 341, after protein precipitation with methanol. Calibration curves were generated over the ranges 2.77-184.50 ng/mL for spironolactone and 2.69-179.20 ng/mL for canrenone by using a weighted (1/y) linear regression. The absolute values of within-and between-run precision and accuracy for both analytes ranged between 3.1 and 13.9 %, and the mean recovery was 99.7 %. The analytes demonstrated good stability in various conditions. The validated method has been applied to a bioequivalence study of 50 mg spironolactone tablets on healthy volunteers. (doi: 10.5562/cca1761)

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Screening for 18 diuretics and probenecid in doping analysis by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 79 publications

References 15 publications

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Fragmentation of toxicologically relevant drugs in positive‐ion liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry in sports drug testing: Structure characterization and analytical assays

Determination of Spironolactone and Canrenone in Human Plasma by High-performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry Detection

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