Screening Cystoscopy and Survival of Spinal Cord Injured Patients With Squamous Cell Cancer of the Bladder

Navon, Joseph D.; Soliman, Hani; Khonsari, Fred; Ahlering, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(01)64687-1

Cited by 67 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…15,16 Inflammation secondary to chronic urinary tract irritation from bacterial infections, foreign bodies, bladder calculi, or chronic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SCC. Many of these factors are present in patients with SCI and long-term indwelling catheters.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

El-Sebaie¹,

Zaghloul²,

Howard

et al. 2005

Int J Clin Oncol

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, though uncommon in Europe and the United States, is the most common variety of bladder tumor in countries where urinary bilharziasis prevails. A great controversy still exists regarding its natural history and management. Here, we review the literature of bilharzial and nonbilharzial squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, focusing on large series. Our aim was to gather most of the published data about this disease entity, report it in a systematic comparative review, and attempt to identify the adverse features and variables behind its dismal outcome. The conclusions are that squamous cell carcinoma, whether bilharzial or nonbilharzial, has distinctive clinicopathological features, different from those of the transitional cell variety. These tumors usually present in advanced (muscle-invasive) stages. Pelvic nodal metastases are not common, and the incidence of distant metastases is less than that reported with transitional cell carcinoma. Local treatment, including cystectomy and adjunctive radiotherapy, is the most acceptable way of treating such tumors.

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Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

El-Sebaie¹,

Zaghloul²,

Howard

et al. 2005

Int J Clin Oncol

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“…Pathological and epidemiological studies (Kaufman et al, 1977;El-Masri and Fellows, 1981;Sakamoto et al, 1992;Navon et al, 1997) have indicated that squamous metaplasia is a premalignant lesion of SCC of the bladder, however its genetic alterations have not been previously analysed. In this study, squamous metaplasias from bladder cancer patients showed frequent (45%) homozygous deletions of p16/p19 and LOH of 9p21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Squamous metaplasia of the bladder is a condition in which normal transitional epithelium is replaced by metaplastic squamous epithelium, and is often observed in patients with indwelling catheters or those with chronic or recurrent infections (Kaufman et al, 1977;El-Masri and Fellows, 1981;Navon et al, 1997). This mucosal change is frequently observed in patients with spinal cord injuries, who have a 16 ± 28 times increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (Kaufman et al, 1977;El-Masri and Fellows, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early acquisition of homozygous deletions of p16/p19 during squamous cell carcinogenesis and genetic mosaicism in bladder cancer

et al. 1998

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We looked for p16/p19 deletion and p16 promoter methylation, as well as loss of 9p21 heterozygosity in pure squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and in transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder with SCC components. Homozygous deletion of p16/p19 was detected in 11 of 21 (52%) cases of pure SCCs and in three of ten (30%) cases of TCC with SCC. Three cases of TCC with SCC had p16/p19 deletion, hypermethylation of the p16 promoter, or LOH on 9p21 only in the SCC components, suggesting that these molecular alterations occurred preferentially in SCC. Interestingly, homozygous deletion of p16/p19 was observed in squamous metaplasia from bladder cancer patients (®ve of 11, 45%), showing that this change occurred in preneoplastic cells. On the other hand, p16/p19 deletions were not found in squamous metaplasias from non cancerous patients. Hypermethylation of the p16 promoter was observed in two of 14 tumors (14%) and none of seven metaplasias examined. These data suggest that: (a) p16/p19 deletion is associated with early carcinogenesis of SCC of the bladder, and squamous metaplasia of the bladder cancer patient has already sustained genetic changes found in cancer, and (b) genetic mosaicism occurs in cases of TCC with SCC, with the SCC component showing more frequent 9p21 alterations than the TCC component.

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“…13 The incidence of bladder cancer increased in SCI survivors and occurs at a younger age compared to the general population. Risk factors include recurrent urinary tract infections, bladder calculi and/or diverticuli and long use of an indwelling catheter 23,24 In patients treated with long-term indwelling catheter, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma is at least 20 times more than in the general population. 23 Regular cystoscopy can be effective in detecting early bladder carcinoma.…”

Section: Urinary Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Regular cystoscopy can be effective in detecting early bladder carcinoma. 24 Longstanding paraplegia is characterized by a high percentage of secondary structural changes in the urinary tract, especially at the bladder outlet. Once these changes are established, the outflow resistance is further increased, highlighting the need for regular lifelong monitoring and early adequate management of functional outflow obstruction, based on careful clinical and urodynamic evaluation before secondary structural changes are established.…”

Section: Urinary Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and spinal cord injury

El-Masry

Haboubi

2001

Rev. Clin. Gerontol.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophe that affects the individual, the partner, the family and the community. Society is involved in the broader sense, in the funding of the treatment and long-term support of individuals with SCI. SCI causes complex medical, physical, psychological, social and financial interactions. Although the physiological impairment following a SCI typically affects the locomotor and sensory systems, there is nearly always a resulting dysfunction that affects most bodily systems. Both the multi-system physiological impairment/dysfunction and non-medical aspects of SCI remain in a dynamic state for the rest of the individual’s life. This means that lifelong treatment and monitoring is required by a dedicated multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary team of health and social care professionals.

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Screening Cystoscopy and Survival of Spinal Cord Injured Patients With Squamous Cell Cancer of the Bladder

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

Early acquisition of homozygous deletions of p16/p19 during squamous cell carcinogenesis and genetic mosaicism in bladder cancer

Aging and spinal cord injury

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