Screening candidate microR-15a- <i>IRAK2</i> regulatory pairs for predicting the response to <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>-induced mastitis in dairy cows

Chen, Zhi; Zhou, Jingpeng; Wang, Xiaolong; Zhang, Yang; Lu, Xubin; Fan, Yongliang; Mao, Yongjiang; Loor, Juan J.

doi:10.1017/s0022029919000785

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The main bacteria causing mastitis in dairy cows are Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, S. agalactiae, S. aureus , and E. coli ( 31 , 32 ); the latter three have been identified and studied by animal models ( 33 – 35 ). In particular, some studies have used phages to treat a mouse mastitis model caused by S. aureus and E. coli , which have shown therapeutic effects in vivo ( 25 , 36 , 37 ), indicating that the application of phages is safe and effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage Protects Against Aerococcus viridans Infection in a Murine Mastitis Model

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Bovine mastitis, an inflammatory disease that occurs frequently in early lactation or the dry period, is primarily caused by bacterial infections. There is growing evidence that Aerococcus viridans (A. viridans) is becoming an important cause of bovine mastitis. The treatment of bovine mastitis is primarily based on antibiotics, which not only leads to a large economic burden but also the development of antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, bacteriophages present a promising alternative treatment strategy. The object of this study was to evaluate the potential of a previously isolated A. viridans phage vB_AviM_AVP (AVP) as an anti-mastitis agent in an experimental A. viridans-induced murine mastitis model. A. viridans N14 was isolated from the milk of clinical bovine mastitis and used to establish a mastitis model in mice. We demonstrated that administration of phage AVP significantly reduced colony formation by A. viridans and alleviated damage to breast tissue. In addition, reduced inflammation was indicated by decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the phage-treated group compared to those in the phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-treated group. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to show the potential use of phages as a treatment for A. viridans-induced mastitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage Protects Against Aerococcus viridans Infection in a Murine Mastitis Model

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Moreover, miR-15a, involved in our study in as many as 28 pathways, was described as controlling functions that regulate the inflammation and differentiation of immune cells (Calin et al, 2008;Moon et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2019) as well as mediating the differentiation of adipocytes in goats, thus suggesting also a role in stimulating the synthesis of milk fat (Chen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effect of Diet Enriched With Hemp Seeds on Goat Milk Fatty Acids, Transcriptome, and miRNAs

et al. 2022

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In dairy ruminants, a diet supplemented with feed rich in unsaturated fatty acids can be an effective medium to increase the health-promoting properties of milk, although their effect on the pathways/genes involved in these processes has not been properly and completely defined to date. To improve our knowledge of the cell’s activity in specific conditions, next-generation RNA-sequencing technology was used to allow whole transcriptome characterization under given conditions. In addition to this, microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been known as post-transcriptional regulators in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism by targeting lipid metabolism genes. In this study, to analyze the transcriptome and miRNAs in goat milk after a supplemental diet enriched with linoleic acid (hemp seeds), next-generation RNA-sequencing was used in order to point out the general biological mechanisms underlying the effects related to milk fat metabolism. Ten pluriparous Alpine goats were fed with the same pretreatment diet for 40 days; then, they were arranged to two dietary treatments consisting of control (C) and hemp seed (H)-supplemented diets. Milk samples were collected at 40 (time point = T0) and 140 days of lactation (time point = T1). Milk fatty acid (FA) profiles revealed a significant effect of hemp seeds that determined a strong increment in the preformed FA, causing a reduction in the concentration of de-novo FA. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated n−3 FAs were increased by hemp treatment, determining a reduction in the n−6/n−3 ratio. After removing milk fats and proteins, RNA was extracted from the milk cells and transcriptomic analysis was conducted using Illumina RNA-sequencing. A total of 3,835 genes were highly differentially expressed (p-value < 0.05, fold change > 1.5, and FDR < 0.05) in the H group. Functional analyses evidenced changes in metabolism, immune, and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, modifications in feeding strategies affected also key transcription factors regulating the expression of several genes involved in milk fat metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Moreover, 38 (15 known and 23 novel) differentially expressed miRNAs were uncovered in the H group and their potential functions were also predicted. This study gives the possibility to improve our knowledge of the molecular changes occurring after a hemp seed supplementation in the goat diet and increase our understanding of the relationship between nutrient variation and phenotypic effects.

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“…In addition, their luciferase-reporter assay results indicate that miR-15a significantly inhibited luciferase activity, suggesting that it acted through the 3'-UTR of IRAK2 to suppress reporter-gene expression. Studies have shown that IRAK2 has a significant negative regulatory function and can reduce the mast-cell apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide infusion; miR-15a, according to previously obtained data, is involved in multiple functions that regulate the inflammation and differentiation of immune cells [206][207][208].…”

Section: Immunological Role Of Mammary Gland Mirnas and Their Functions In Breast Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Inflammatory response to mastitis [198,199,[201][202][203][204] miR-223 CBLB Mammary alpha T cells stimulation [62] miR-145 FSCN1 Levels of cellular immune cytokines [208] miR-15a IRAK2 Inflammation and differentiation of immune cells [206][207][208] miR26a FGA…”

Section: Immunological Role Of Mammary Gland Mirnas and Their Functions In Breast Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of microRNAs in the Mammary Gland Development, Health, and Function of Cattle, Goats, and Sheep

Dysin

Barkova

Pozovnikova

2021

ncRNA

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Milk is an integral and therefore complex structural element of mammalian nutrition. Therefore, it is simple to conclude that lactation, the process of producing milk, is as complex as the mammary gland, the organ responsible for this biochemical activity. Nutrition, genetics, epigenetics, disease pathogens, climatic conditions, and other environmental variables all impact breast productivity. In the last decade, the number of studies devoted to epigenetics has increased dramatically. Reports are increasingly describing the direct participation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, in the regulation of mammary gland development and function. This paper presents a summary of the current state of knowledge about the roles of miRNAs in mammary gland development, health, and functions, particularly during lactation. The significance of miRNAs in signaling pathways, cellular proliferation, and the lipid metabolism in agricultural ruminants, which are crucial in light of their role in the nutrition of humans as consumers of dairy products, is discussed.

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Screening candidate microR-15a- IRAK2 regulatory pairs for predicting the response to Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in dairy cows

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Bacteriophage Protects Against Aerococcus viridans Infection in a Murine Mastitis Model

Bacteriophage Protects Against Aerococcus viridans Infection in a Murine Mastitis Model

Effect of Diet Enriched With Hemp Seeds on Goat Milk Fatty Acids, Transcriptome, and miRNAs

The Role of microRNAs in the Mammary Gland Development, Health, and Function of Cattle, Goats, and Sheep

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