Screening and Optimization Method of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Extracts from Phyllanthus niruri by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction

Abstract

In general, organic solvents are used to attract active compounds in Pyllanthusniruri leaves, including phyllanthin compounds which have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, nephroprotective, and anticancer activities. Organic solvents are known to have a negative impact on the surrounding environment because they contain toxic residues, cause chemical changes in the extract, and make it difficult to degrade waste, resulting in increased pollution. This study aims to screen several organic acids combined with ChCl and determine the conditions of the extraction method in the form of the effect of the ratio of NADES to water (%), extraction time (minutes), and extraction temperature (℃) to obtain the highest phylantin content in the extract of P. nirurileaves. Testing for the content of philanthine compounds was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results obtained the best combination of Choline Chloride-Oxalic Acid with optimum extraction conditions at an extraction temperature of 25℃ within 30minutes with a 90% NADES solvent ratio of 61.36±0.59mg/g. Based on this research, it is also known that NADES can extract more philanthine compounds than using ethanol as a solvent.