Screening and evaluation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in inundated soil

Abstract

Poor germination and subsequent low grain yield of dry seeded upland rice in the existing anaerobic and short niche between lowland rice and dry season crops in the inland valley necessitate the screening of 19 rice varieties. The identification of vigorous growth and short duration upland rice variety in anaerobic condition would optimize this niche. The potted experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ikole campus in 2015 to screen and evaluate the performance of upland rice varieties in inundated soils with a view to selecting the suitable variety or varieties that will fit into the existing niche in the inland valley. The experiment was laid in a complete randomization design and replicated three times. The number of leaves, biomass and grain weight plant−1 of the varieties were significantly (P ≤ 0.05 %) different. The number of tillers observed in WAB 56-104, NERICA 4, NERICA 6, NERICA 3, NERICA 5, NERICA 10, NERICA 9, ARICA 4 NERICA 1, FARO 63, FARO 65 and NERICA 8 varieties were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of Igbemo varieties. The numbers of days to 50 % flowering of NERICA 1, NERICA 2, NERICA 10, NERICA 5, NERICA 9, NERICA 3, NERICA 7, NERICA 8, ARICA 4 and WAB 56-104 varieties were the lowest. Although Igbemo brown, Igbemo white varieties had the highest grain yields per plant, their maturity period exceeded the short period. Thus, NERICA 2 and NERICA 5 varieties which had lower number of days to flowering could be considered as candidate varieties that can be optimized in the niche in question.

AEROBIC VERSUS ANAEROBIC GERMINATION PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES WITH OR WITHOUT SUBMERGENCE TOLERANCE

“…Significant mean squares for genotypes in both individual as well as pooled ANOVA could be attributed to their genetic differences for germination and growth traits as also reported by Adachi et al (2015) for germination and seedling emergence which were attributed to the physiological responses of the rice varieties to undergo shoot elongation during submergence. Presence of genotypic differences for anaerobic germination and seedling growth traits have been also reported by Doley et al (2018) & Adigbo et al (2018. The ability of rice varieties to seedling emergence during submergence has been related to their ability to use stored starch reserves through amylase activity and anaerobic respiration in rice seedlings (Manigbas et al, 2008;Kawano et al, 2009& Adachi et al, 2015.…”