Screening and Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites and Antimicrobial Activity of Saline and Non-Saline Aloe barbadensis Miller Plant

Abstract

Background and Objective: Aloe vera was one of the oldest mentioned plants on record due to its medicinal properties and health benefits. The present study attempts to investigate qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constitutes and antimicrobial activities in Aloe barbadensis Miller plant growing in saline and non-saline region. Materials and Methods: The qualitative phytochemical constitute detected in all extract and quantitative phytochemical constitute were determined and analyzed by using a spectrophotometer. Wherever the antimicrobial activities were determined by the agar disk diffusion method. Results: Phytochemical screening of the Aloe barbadensis Miller plant revealed the presence of some bioactive components, such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and protein. The major chemical constitutes found in this plant were flavonoid, reducing and non-reducing sugar in both saline and non-saline region. The quantities of total carbohydrates were higher in both fresh Aloe barbadensis Miller gel (6.60%) and formulated Aloe barbadensis Miller powder (41.42%). The zone of inhibition is determined by the agar disk-diffusion method varied with the fresh Aloe barbadensis Miller gel. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were resistant to the Aloe barbadensis Miller gel tested. Fresh Aloe barbadensis Miller gel showed good antibacterial potential against both types of bacterial strains, gram-positive S. aureus as well as gram-negative E. coli. Conclusion: Thus, the studied Aloe barbadensis Miller samples were concluded that as large-scale antibiotic resistance by bacteria was becoming an interesting public health concern and the race to discover the new antibacterial agent was on, Aloe barbadensis Miller gel along with its compounds with promising antibacterial activity could be used as an alternative herbal remedy.