Screen time and metabolic syndrome among expatriate adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

Khan, Moien Ab; Shah, Syed M.; Shehab, Abdullah; Ghosal, Samit; Muhairi, Shamma J.; Al‐Rifai, Rami H.; Al-Maskari, Fatma; Alkaabi, Juma; Nauman, Javaid

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.006

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Confinement did not induce many sedentary participants to increase their physical activity. Other unhealthy behaviors such as increased screen time were noted which are similar to previous studies (87) . Stress may impair efforts to become physically active; conversely, those who already participate may do so to reduce stress (88) , which may explain the variation in physical activity observed.…”

Section: Determinants That Can Influence Body Weight During Pandemicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Systematic review of the effects of pandemic confinements on body weight and their determinants

et al. 2021

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Pandemics and subsequent lifestyle restrictions such as ‘lockdowns’ may have unintended consequences, including alterations in body weight. This systematic review assesses the impact of pandemic confinement on body weight and identifies contributory factors. A comprehensive literature search was performed in seven electronic databases and in gray sources from their inception until July 1st 2020 with an update in PubMed and Scopus on February 1st 2021. In total, 2,361 unique records were retrieved, of which 41 studies were identified eligible: 1 case control study, 14 cohort and 26 cross-sectional studies (469, 362 total participants). The participants ranged in age from 6–86 years. The proportion of female participants ranged from 37% to 100%. Pandemic confinements were associated with weight gain in 7.2%–72.4% of participants and weight loss in 11.1%–32.0% of participants. Weight gain ranged from 0.6 (±1.3) to 3.0 (±2.4) kg, and weight loss ranged from 2.0 (±1.4) to 2.9 (±1.5) kg. Weight gain occurred predominantly in participants who were already overweight or obese. Associated factors included increased consumption of unhealthy food with changes in physical activity and altered sleep patterns. Weight loss during the pandemic was observed in individuals with previous low weight, and those who ate less and were more physically active before lock down. Maintaining a stable weight was more difficult in populations with reduced income, particularly in individuals with lower educational attainment. The findings of this systematic review highlight the short-term effects of pandemic confinements.

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Section: Determinants That Can Influence Body Weight During Pandemicssupporting

confidence: 89%

Systematic review of the effects of pandemic confinements on body weight and their determinants

et al. 2021

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“…The sample size ranged from 474 to 33,900 and the mean age of participants ranged from 12–18 years. Six of the studies have utilized school-based setting [ 31 , 32 , 36 , 40 – 42 ], while the remaining 4 were part of national surveys. The primary objective of included studies was to establish significant association between ST (of any type) and MetS among adolescents, with all studies considering single or multiple exposures like PA, dietary habit or sleep duration associated with ST.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main modalities of ST were TV viewing, computers, videogames, internet, tablets, and smartphones. Nine of the studies (9/10, 90%) utilized multivariable analysis to adjust for covariates [ 31 , 32 , 36 – 40 , 42 , 43 ], 8 of which (8/10, 80%) [ 31 , 32 , 36 – 38 , 40 , 42 , 43 ], found a positive association between ST and MetS. Seven studies (7/10, 70%) proved a dose-response gradient for that association [ 29 , 30 , 34 – 36 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, de Oliveira RG et al [ 31 ] revealed that ST of more than 2h/day during the weekend was significantly associated with a twofold increased risk of MetS, while insignificant association was observed concerning other days of the week. Khan et al [ 32 ], however, observed a positive linear correlation between ST and MetS in children and adolescents, indicating a dose-response relationship for every 2 hours/day increase in ST (OR: 1.29, 95 percent CI 1.12–1.46) [ 32 ]. Stiglic and Viner [ 33 ] in their review found inadequate and unreliable evidence of association between ST and MetS, though, higher levels of ST were related significantly to an increased caloric intake, lower nutritional food, being obese, and having an overall reduced quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 and screen-based sedentary behaviour: Systematic review of digital screen time and metabolic syndrome in adolescents

2022

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Aim The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted governments around the globe to implement various restriction policies, including lockdown, social distancing, and school closures. Subsequently, there has been a surge in sedentary behaviour particularly screen time (ST) together with a significant decline in physical activity that was more marked amongst children and adolescents. Excessive screen exposure in adolescents has been correlated with cardio-metabolic risk factors including obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, and glucose intolerance that may have adverse morbidity and mortality implications in adulthood. Thus, the current study aimed to synthesize the literature on the relationship between ST of various types and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In August 2021, a systematic search of the literature was undertaken using electronic databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochran library. Studies were considered if they met the following key eligibility criteria: (i) Measure of ST as an exposure (TV, computer, videogames, internet, smartphone, tablet), using quantified duration/frequency either self-reported or observed; (ii) Measure of MetS as an outcome with standard definition and/or criteria required to establish MetS diagnosis. The Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the risk of bias. Results A total of ten studies met the inclusion criteria, and the majority were cross sectional studies. Most studies met fair bias scoring. Overall, the review revealed considerable evidence that suggests a significant negative association between ST and components of MetS among adolescents with dose-response association. Conclusion During the pandemic, screen usage may become more prevalent through periods of school closures, lockdowns, social isolation, and online learning classes. Public health policies and health promotion strategies targeting parents are needed to raise awareness of the adverse health effects associated with screen-based sedentary behaviour as a precursor of NCDs. Parent or home focused interventions might be effective in limiting adolescents’ screen exposure, alternatively substituted with an appropriate level of physical activity. PROSPERO registration number PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021272436.

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“…Many studies had reported the increased risk of metabolic syndrome with increasing screen time [ 35 – 37 ]. However, we found no differences in the total duration of screen time including television watching, smart phone, tablet, and computer use between those with and without metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)

et al. 2021

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Background Presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in early life may influence cardiovascular outcome later in adulthood. There is limited data regarding MetS among Thai adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and related factors in Thai adolescents. Methods Data on MetS components of 1934 Thai adolescents aged 10–16 years were obtained from the 5th National Health Examination Survey. Age at first screen time exposure, duration of screen time, frequency of food intake and physical activities were collected from interviews. MetS was defined according to 3 definitions: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook’s, and de Ferranti’s. Results The prevalence of MetS was 4.1% by IDF, 8.0% by Cook’s, and 16.8% by de Ferranti’s definition. The overall prevalence was higher in male (19.0%) than female adolescents (15.3%). The most common MetS components composition among Thai adolescents was high waist circumference with high serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol (40.0% for IDF, 22.6% for Cook’s and 43.5% for de Ferranti’s definition). Exposure to screen media during the first 2 years of life had a 1.3- fold increased odds of MetS by 1 out of 3 definitions (OR 1.30, 95% CI. 1.01–1.68). Duration of physical activity associated with decreased odds of MetS by Cook’s definition (OR 0.96, 95% CI. 0.92–0.99). Conclusions The prevalence of MetS among Thai adolescents was higher than previously reported by other studies. Screen media exposure during the first 2 years of life should be discouraged and measures to promote physical activity among children and adolescents should be strengthen.

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Screen time and metabolic syndrome among expatriate adolescents in the United Arab Emirates

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Systematic review of the effects of pandemic confinements on body weight and their determinants

Systematic review of the effects of pandemic confinements on body weight and their determinants

COVID-19 and screen-based sedentary behaviour: Systematic review of digital screen time and metabolic syndrome in adolescents

Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)

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