Screen‐Printing Technology for Scale Manufacturing of Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

As a key contender in the field of photovoltaics, third‐generation thin‐film perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant research and investment interest due to their superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) and great potential for large‐scale production. For commercialization consideration, low‐cost and scalable fabrication is of primary importance for PSCs, and the development of the applicable film‐forming techniques that meet the above requirements plays a key role. Currently, large‐area perovskite films are mainly produced by printing techniques, such as slot‐die coating, inkjet printing, blade coating, and screen‐printing. Among these techniques, screen printing offers a high degree of functional layer compatibility, pattern design flexibility, and large‐scale ability, showing great promise. In this work, the advanced progress on applying screen‐printing technology in fabricating PSCs from technique fundamentals to practical applications is presented. The fundamentals of screen‐printing technique are introduced and the state‐of‐the‐art studies on screen‐printing different functional layers in PSCs and the control strategies to realize fully screen‐printed PSCs are summarized. Moreover, the current challenges and opportunities faced by screen‐printed perovskite devices are discussed. This work highlights the critical significance of high throughput screen‐printing technology in accelerating the commercialization course of PSCs products.

Current On-Skin Flexible Sensors, Materials, Manufacturing Approaches, and Study Trends for Health Monitoring: A Review

“…Screen printing is a promising technique in the wearable sensor field and is one of the most popular printing approaches, allowing for a simple and versatile production of the desired patterns at a reduced cost in multiple substrates . This is due to a high degree of functional layer compatibility, pattern design flexibility, environmentally friendly processes, and large-scale potential, providing a useful functionality with multiple types of conductive inks, such as silver and carbon pastes, dielectric inks, and a large myriad of functional materials. , …”

“… 144 This is due to a high degree of functional layer compatibility, pattern design flexibility, environmentally friendly processes, and large-scale potential, providing a useful functionality with multiple types of conductive inks, such as silver and carbon pastes, dielectric inks, and a large myriad of functional materials. 145 , 146 …”

“…144 This is due to a high degree of functional layer compatibility, pattern design flexibility, environmentally friendly processes, and large-scale potential, providing a useful functionality with multiple types of conductive inks, such as silver and carbon pastes, dielectric inks, and a large myriad of functional materials. 145,146 In this technique, the conductive ink is first poured in the upper surface of a woven screen made of synthetic fibers or steel mesh and then spread throughout the screen and repeatedly pressed into the substrate with a squeegee. After this step, the screen is removed and the resulting pattern, along with the substrate, must be heated to ensure that the solvents evaporate and the coating cures properly.…”

Optimized NiOx deposition for Industrial Compatible Perovskite Solar Modules on 15 × 15 cm2: a Green Route Towards Stable Methylammonium-free Devices

“…PSCs are often coated under N 2 environment which is unsuitable for large-scale manufacturing processes. Several research groups have explored alternative large-area deposition techniques for PSCs fabrication including blade coating 11,12 , slot-die coating 13,14 , spray-coating 15,16 , screen printing 17,18 and inkjet printing 19 . Among these deposition techniques, blade coating and slot coating, known as Meniscus coating technologies, have gained prominence.…”

“…Printable methods include meniscus coating 30,31 and spray coating 32,33 , while non-printable methods comprise evaporation techniques 34,35 and chemical bath deposition 36,37 . Printable deposition techniques are essential for the practical application and commercial viability of perovskite solar cells 18,38,39 . They offer scalability and cost efficiency by minimizing material waste, speeding up deposition and enabling fabrication in ambient environment.…”