Screen-printed tyrosinase-containing electrodes for the biosensing of enzyme inhibitors

Amperometric tyrosinase based biosensor using an electrogenerated polythiophene film as an entrapment support

“…These results are in agreement with those reported by Besombes et al [28] and Wang et al [40]. Further investigations are required to achieve detection limits of 0.1 nM for catecholamine [41] and 0.1 μg l−1 for a single herbicide in drinking water, 0.5 μg l−1 for the phenol index in water required for medical and environmental applications respectively.…”

Enzyme-based electrodes for environmental monitoring applications

“…A hand-held electrochemical instrument capable of operating disposable sensors for several different metals is commercially available [4]. Many different electrochemical biosensors that could be used in a portable instrument in the field have been reported, including those for several different pesticides [5,6], herbicides [7,8], phenols [9], nitrate [10], cyanide [7], and surfactants [11]. This investigation addressed the feasibility of a common disposable biosensor that can be adapted to detect many different analytes in the field.…”

Biosensor Warning Devices: Reagentless Detection of Modulators of Laccase Activity

“…Poly-N-vinylimidazole was prepared by bulk free radical polymerization of vacuum distilled N-vinylimidazole (Aldrich) using using azo-isobutyronitrile (AIBN, Aldrich) as initiator (1 : 20000 mole ratio of initiator:monomer). Synthesis and characterization of the [Os(bpy) 2 (PVI) 10 Cl]Cl (PVI-Os) polymer, where bpy is the 2,2 H -bipyridine ligand and (PVI) 10 is poly-N-vinylimidazole indicating a ratio of coordinated redox sites to free pendant groups of 1 : 10, was carried out according to literature methods [15].…”