<scp>WSXM</scp>: A software for scanning probe microscopy and a tool for nanotechnology

Horcas, Ignacio; Fernandez, Robert; Gómez‐Rodríguez, José M.; Colchero, J.; Gómez-Herrero, Júlio; Baró, A. M.

doi:10.1063/1.2432410

Cited by 7,121 publications

(5,275 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…52 STM topographic images were processed using WSxM software. 53 ARPES experiments were performed with an ARPES 1 2 endstation equipped with a Scienta R8000 hemispherical electron analyzer operated at the UE112-PGM2a beamline at BESSY-II. All ARPES measurements were performed at a photon energy of 62 eV with a linear 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Gap Opening and High On–Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries

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Huang

et al. 2015

ACS Nano

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Graphene is a single-atom-thick carbon sheet with extraordinary properties unrivalled by any other known material, 1À7 which will likely lead to a revolution in many areas of technology. 8 It displays linear band dispersion, 9,10 massless Dirac Fermions, 11 and extremely high mobility. 12 Potentially, graphene-based electronics could consist of just one or a few layers of graphene; however, the absence of a band gap presents a conundrum for the implementation of conventional device architectures, similar to those based on semiconducting materials. 13À18 Several methods have been proposed for opening band or transport gaps in graphene, such as patterning single-layer graphene into narrow ribbons, 19 introducing nanoholes into the graphene sheets, 20 applying a perpendicular

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Gap Opening and High On–Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries

Чайка

Huang

et al. 2015

ACS Nano

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“…30 Afterwards, I 6 -CHP molecules (see Ref. 38 for Synthesis) were deposited from a Knudsen cell, with a deposition rate of approx. 0.1 ML/min while keeping the substrate at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehalogenation and Coupling of a Polycyclic Hydrocarbon on an Atomically Thin Insulator

et al. 2014

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Catalytic activity is of pivotal relevance in enabling efficient and selective synthesis processes.Recently, covalent coupling reactions catalyzed by solid metal surfaces opened the rapidly evolving field of on-surface chemical synthesis. Tailored molecular precursors in conjunction with the catalytic activity of the metal substrate allow the synthesis of novel, technologically highly relevant materials such as atomically precise graphene nanoribbons. However, the reaction path on the metal substrate remains unclear in most cases and the intriguing question is how a specific atomic configuration between reactant and catalyst controls the reaction processes. In this study, we cover the metal substrate with a monolayer of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), reducing the reactivity of the metal, and gain unique access to atomistic details during the activation of a polyphenylene precursor by sequential dehalogenation and the subsequent coupling to extended oligomers. We use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) to reveal a reaction site anisotropy, induced by the registry mismatch between the precursor and the nano-structured h-BN monolayer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 3 An atomically thin layer of insulating h-BN is a structurally analogous counterpart for graphene -a single layer of sp 2 -hybridised carbon atoms 1 -matching the graphene lattice almost perfectly with a small mismatch of approx. 2%. Currently, the fabrication of two-dimensional materials follows two main approaches: i) the bottom-up synthesis by substrate supported chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with suitable precursors and ii) the top-down approach by exfoliation. The assembly of graphene/h-BN heterostructures, leading to novel devices or devices with enhanced performance, usually relies on elaborate, sequential transfer processes of the produced layers. 2 The main obstacles are possible misalignment, introduction of defects and contaminations resulting from transferring layers that are just one atom thick. Only recently, the direct CVD growth of graphene on h-BN was demonstrated, offering superior properties. [3][4][5] However, the growth conditions are harsh (long exposure time, high temperatures, several cycles, etc.). Metal substrates are favored, because of their high catalytic activity, 6 but they have the disadvantage that they strongly alter the properties of the grown layers, which therefore cannot be directly used for electronic device fabrication.A common motif in on-surface chemical reactions is the activation of a precursor, the intermittent complex formed between precursor and substrate, and finally the coupling reaction. 7A long-standing question is the impact of the specific atomic configuration between substrate and reactant on the catalytic efficiency and how does the specific atomic arrangement chan...

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“…A probing signal of 1.2V rms was applied to a Nanosensors PPP-EFM cantilever (force constant in the range 0.5-9.5 N/m), at a fixed frequency of 20kHz. WSxM 4.0 Develop 12.6 software [31] was used for image display and processing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-Similar Nested Flux Closure Structures in a Tetragonal Ferroelectric

Chang

Nagarajan

Scott³

et al. 2013

Nano Lett.

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Abstract:In specific solid-state materials, under the right conditions, collections of magnetic dipoles are known to spontaneously form into a variety of rather complex geometrical patterns, exemplified by vortex and skyrmion structures. While theoretically, similar patterns should be expected to form from electrical dipoles, they have not been clearly observed to date: the need for continued experimental exploration is therefore clear. In this article we report the discovery of a rather complex domain arrangement that has spontaneously formed along the edges of a thin single crystal ferroelectric sheet, due to surface-related depolarizing fields.Polarization patterns are such that nanoscale 'flux-closure' loops are nested within a larger mesoscale flux closure object. Despite the orders of magnitude differences in size, the geometric forms of the dual-scale flux closure entities are rather similar.

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WSXM: A software for scanning probe microscopy and a tool for nanotechnology

Cited by 7,121 publications

References 22 publications

Transport Gap Opening and High On–Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries

Transport Gap Opening and High On–Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries

Dehalogenation and Coupling of a Polycyclic Hydrocarbon on an Atomically Thin Insulator

Self-Similar Nested Flux Closure Structures in a Tetragonal Ferroelectric

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