<scp>UVR</scp> protection influences fructosamine level after sun exposure of healthy adults

Mianowska, Beata; Young, Antony R.; Fendler, Wojciech; Małachowska, Beata; Młynarski, Wojciech; Lesiak, Aleksandra

doi:10.1111/phpp.12274

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…38 Conversely, increased HDL-cholesterol levels were observed in individuals given advice to increase sun exposure in two studies. 37,38 While no significant effects of sun exposure on blood glucose were observed, 37,38,40 reduced HbA1c levels were observed in one study, 37 and blood glucose levels may have been 'normalised' in individuals with prediabetes in the sun exposure advice study arm of another study. 39…”

Section: Sun Exposurementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Most identified studies had small sample sizes (≤100 participants), were short in duration (≤12 weeks for 13/20 studies in which study length was reported), involved older adults (>35 years-of-age), and compared pre-and post-intervention levels of a limited number of measures. Overall, few studies assessed markers of glucose metabolism; beneficial effects of sun exposure advice were seen in some, 37,39 but not all, 38,40 studies. Measures of adiposity, including BMI and waist/hip circumference, were not significantly modified by UVR phototherapy/sun exposure advice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies varied considerably in: the duration of the intervention (from 7 days to 12 months); the recommended daily time in the sun (from 20 min to 6 h); and the participant health status ('healthy', overweight/obese, with psoriasis). [37][38][39][40][41] Sun exposure advice was sometimes combined with advice to increase dietary vitamin D intake 38 or reduce caloric intake/ increase physical activity, 39 making it difficult to determine the specific effects of sun exposure. In one study, sun exposure levels were found to be increased by advice to increase sun exposure (by going for a walk outdoors for 20 min between 11 am and 3 pm) as measured via questionnaire.…”

Section: Sun Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…41 Mean BMI was >25 kg/m 2 in all studies, except for one in which it was not reported. 40 Skin type was reported in only two studies, 37,40 where individuals were mainly Fitzpatrick skin types II-III. In three studies, there were no effects on BMI of sun exposure administered as part of 'climate therapy' 37 (see Table 5 for further information on this intervention) with dietary vitamin D advice 38 or lifestyle modification.…”

Section: Sun Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have used sunscreens to block the effects of UVR, 40 however, it may be difficult to ensure participant compliance for consistent sunscreen application. In studies examining the effects of sun exposure, different types of advice can be 'administered', and for placebo controls, be based on already accepted sun exposure norms, as done in the Sun Exposure and Vitamin D Supplementation study.…”

Section: Designing Control Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic Review of the Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on Markers of Metabolic Dysfunction

Gorman

Courten

Lucas

2019

CBR

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Emerging findings suggest that exposure to ultraviolet wavelengths of sunlight modulates metabolic function. Here we review the metabolic effects of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), focusing on the effects of phototherapies (that administer UVR), and advice to increase sun exposure in individuals enrolled in clinical trials and intervention studies. We identified 25 studies in which the effects of UVR on metabolic outcomes were examined, including: narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (nbUVB, n = 12); psoralen ultraviolet A phototherapy (n = 4); other types of UVR phototherapy (n = 5); and sun exposure advice (n = 5). Most studies recruited a small number of participants (≤100), who were middle-aged individuals undergoing treatment for psoriasis flare, with phototherapy or sun exposure advice administered for ≤12 weeks. Data obtained at baseline were usually compared with an endpoint following treatment with UVR, for a limited number of outcomes. There were few studies in which markers of glucose metabolism were assessed, with some beneficial effects of sun exposure (but not phototherapy) reported. LDL-cholesterol levels were lower in individuals receiving sun exposure advice, while treatment with nbUVB reduced blood concentrations of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6). Future studies should focus on determining whether the effects of these interventions change with time, and if they are dependent on the source of UVR (i.e. phototherapy or sun exposure) and wavelength(s) of light administered. Furthermore, studies need to measure a variety of (clinical) markers of glucose metabolism, adiposity and inflammation, control for factors such as skin type and sex, and stratify participants for metabolic disease diagnosis.

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