2014
DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12094
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UV emissions from low energy artificial light sources

Abstract: Summary Energy efficient light sources have been introduced across Europe and many other countries world wide. The most common of these is the Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL), which has been shown to emit ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are an alternative technology that has minimal UV emissions. This brief review summarises the different energy efficient light sources available on the market and compares the UV levels and the subsequent effects on the skin of normal individuals and tho… Show more

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Cited by 12 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Several years later, in the 1930′s, UV lamps became commercially available and were widely used in medicine after the Second World War. After 1945, disinfection agents were not commonly available in the medical sector, therefore, UV lights were used in permanent operation for prevention of bacterial outbreaks in medical facilities [ 12 ]. Due to continuous improvements in technology, UV light has now a wide application range, e.g.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several years later, in the 1930′s, UV lamps became commercially available and were widely used in medicine after the Second World War. After 1945, disinfection agents were not commonly available in the medical sector, therefore, UV lights were used in permanent operation for prevention of bacterial outbreaks in medical facilities [ 12 ]. Due to continuous improvements in technology, UV light has now a wide application range, e.g.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some years later, in 1930, first UV lamps became commercially available and were commonly used since 1945. At that time, when disinfection agents were not commonly available, low energy UV lamps were used in continuous operation to prevent infections in hospitals [13]. Over the years, UV light technology has advanced continuously.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…LED лампи, на відміну від CLF ламп, не є джерелами ртутного забруднення навколишнього середовища [30]. Крім того, вони випромінюють менше небезпечних УФ-А променів і не випромінюють ще більш небезпечних УФ-В променів [4,10].…”
Section: R Re Eg Gu Ul La At Ti Io On Ns S O On N T Th He E E Et Th Hi Ic Cs S O Of F P Pu Ub Bl LI Ic Ca At Ti Io On N O Of F S Sc Ci Ieunclassified