tRNA‐derived fragments: tRF‐Gly‐CCC‐046, tRF‐Tyr‐GTA‐010 and tRF‐Pro‐TGG‐001 as novel diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer

Abstract

Background: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been found to play a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of many tumors. The aim of this study was to identify the expression of tRFs in breast cancer and their ability to serve as diagnostic markers for breast cancer. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from breast cancer and paracancerous tissues (n = 83), as well as from the sera of breast cancer patients (n = 214) and healthy donors (n = 113) using trizol reagents. Expression of tRFs was then detected by q-PCR, and analyzed using t-test and ROC to illuminate their potential as biomarkers for breast cancer. Results: Our results demonstrated that tRFs: tRF-Gly-CCC-046, tRF-Tyr-GTA-010 and tRF-Pro-TGG-001 were downregulated in both tissues and sera from breast cancer patients as well as early-stage patients compared with those in the healthy donors. More importantly, the three tRFs were capable of serving as circulating biomarkers of diagnostics and early diagnosis of breast cancer, possessing areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.7871 and 0.7987, respectively. Conclusions: tRFs: tRF-Gly-CCC-046, tRF-Tyr-GTA-010 and tRF-Pro-TGG-001 are downregulated in breast cancer and early breast cancer and act as new potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and early diagnosis of breast cancer.

Transfer RNA-derived fragments as novel biomarkers of the onset and progression of gastric cancer

“…High-throughput RNA sequencing technology has facilitated the identification of novel non-coding small RNAs, including tsRNAs, as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers of the breast, colon, rectum, and stomach. [18][19][20][21][22] A previous study by our group found that tRF-5026a (tRF-18-79MP9P04) acts as a tumor suppressor in GC through the PTEN/PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway. 16 As a continuation of this work, the results of this study determined that tRF-18-79MP9P04 was an 18-nt segment derived from the 5' ends of tRNA-Val-AAC and tRNA-Val-CAC, belonging to the tRF-5 subgroup.…”

“…Plasma tRFs present promising novel diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer 24 as well as other malignancies. [6][7][8] A study conducted by Zhang et al 22 found that tRF-Gly-CCC-046, tRF-Tyr-GTA-010, and tRF-Pro-TGG-001 combined with some traditional biomarkers could be used to effectively monitor the progression of breast cancer. At present, diagnosis of GC is mainly based on endoscopic and histopathological examinations of lesions and a differential diagnosis is usually required to distinguish primary GC from other diseases.…”

“…Several recent studies have investigated the use of tsR-NAs as potential therapeutic targets. 7,8,10,22 The results of our previous study established the impact of tRF-18-79MP9P04 in the onset and progression of GC via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, 16 while the findings of this study implicated tRF-18-79MP9P04 in cornification, the type I interferon signaling pathway, RNA polymerase II activities, and DNA binding (Tables 2 and 3), thereby presenting promising future directions of research to elucidate the mechanisms employed by tsRNA in the development of GC.…”

Prognostic, diagnostic and clinicopathological roles of tsRNAs: a meta-analysis in breast cancer

“…Then, 45 studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, and the full texts of the remaining 56 studies were reviewed in detail. Finally, 13 studies (involving 7 prognosis, 7 diagnosis, and 3 clinicopathological features) were included in the meta-analysis (13,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). The detailed literature selection process is illustrated inFigure 1 .…”

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) in cancer

“…tRF profiling studies in breast cancer identified several new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and/or progression. By profiling 83 breast cancer tissues and 214 serum samples from breast cancer patients, Zhang et al (2021) identified tRF‐Gly‐CCC‐046, tRF‐Tyr‐GTA‐010 and tRF‐Pro‐TGG‐001downregulated in tumor tissues that could also serve as circulating markers. A similar study (Wang et al 2021) carried out by analyzing a cohort of 120 breast cancer samples and 112 normal controls, identified a signature of 15 tRFs upregulated in breast cancer.…”