<scp>STIR</scp> muscle hyperintensity in the cervical muscles associated with inflammatory spinal cord disease of unknown origin

Eminaga, Salih; Cherubini, Giunio Bruto; Villiers, Elizabeth; Targett, Mike; Caine, Abby

doi:10.1111/jsap.12035

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding was noted alone or in combination with imaging findings consistent with radiculitis or meningitis. In the latter group of dogs, the muscle groups that were affected were in close proximity to the nerve root and meningeal changes, leading to speculation that meningeal disease might extend into adjacent nerve roots and muscles . Alternatively, the observed changes could be secondary to denervation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics, breed differences, and quality of life in North American dogs with acute steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

Lau

Nettifee

Early

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis (SRMA) is a common inflammatory neurologic disorder of dogs for which certain breeds are predisposed. Objectives To determine whether breed differences exist in clinical features, treatment response, and relapse in a population of North American dogs with SRMA, and to evaluate the effect of disease on dogs' quality of life (QoL). Animals Sixty‐one client‐owned dogs with SRMA: 29 dogs identified through an American Kennel Club‐Canine Health Foundation survey and 32 dogs from North Carolina (NC) State Veterinary Hospital. Methods Retrospective case series. Caregivers completed an online survey to assess QoL. Results Breeds represented most often included the Golden Retriever (n = 12), Bernese Mountain Dog (10), Wirehaired Pointing Griffon (9), Boxer (9), and Beagle (6). No breed differences were identified with respect to clinical severity, diagnostic findings, or outcome. Twenty‐nine dogs (48%) had ≥1 disease relapse. There was a significant effect of cerebrospinal fluid nucleated cell count on the frequency of disease relapse ( P = .003), but no relationship was identified between treatment protocol and relapse. Dogs' QoL was associated with the severity of corticosteroid‐related adverse effects ( P = .03), which were dose‐related ( r = .24, P = .02) and more prevalent in Wirehaired Pointing Griffons than in other breeds ( P = .04). Conclusion and Clinical Importance Golden Retrievers and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons should be considered among the breeds recognized to develop SRMA. Treatment with higher corticosteroid dosages is correlated with more severe adverse effects and worse QoL, but it may not improve clinical outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics, breed differences, and quality of life in North American dogs with acute steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

Lau

Nettifee

Early

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Two cases showed cervical paravertebral signal intensity changes, documenting that these changes can be found beyond the thoracolumbar region. It is important to highlight the difference with signal changes previously reported in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown aetiology (Eminaga et al 2013). The latter being more linear along the ventral cortex of the cervical vertebral bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…It is important to highlight the difference with signal changes previously reported in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown aetiology (Eminaga et al . ). The latter being more linear along the ventral cortex of the cervical vertebral bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Low‐field magnetic resonance changes in the paravertebral musculature of dogs with acute intervertebral disc extrusion

Furtado¹,

Cherubini²,

Taeymans³

2019

J of Small Animal Practice

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Objectives To describe the MRI features and prevalence of paravertebral muscle signal intensity changes in dogs with acute intervertebral disc extrusion and to search for associations between the signal changes and clinical history, signalment, neurological examination, serum creatine kinase activity and MRI characteristics of the disc herniation. Materials and Methods Medical records and MRI examinations from 688 dogs with surgically confirmed acute intervertebral disc extrusion were reviewed retrospectively. T2‐weighted and STIR MRI sequences were available for 276 cases and were examined for paravertebral muscle signal intensity changes. When present, extension, lateralisation and signal characteristics of these changes were recorded. Exclusion criteria were muscle injections 24 hours before MRI scan, trauma and previous spinal surgery. Results Nineteen dogs met the inclusion criteria. There were signal changes in the multifidus muscle, mostly in the thoracolumbar region and often extending caudally from the level of the intervertebral disc herniation. Two cases had paravertebral muscle signal intensity changes in the cervical region. MRI signal changes were seen more frequently in the muscles of non‐ambulatory dogs. Clinical history and neuro‐examination did not allow differentiation between dogs with and without paravertebral muscle signal intensity changes. Clinical Significance Paravertebral muscle signal intensity changes were observed infrequently in the epaxial musculature of 6.9% dogs with acute intervertebral disc extrusion in both the thoracolumbar and cervical regions. The pathophysiological processes responsible for these MRI changes remain unknown.

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“…These were all considered less likely in this dog. Mild changes in cervical muscles were also identified; however, this can occur with inflammatory spinal cord disease (Eminaga and others 2013). The absence of an identifiable coagulopathy and other medical conditions suggested the cerebral haemorrhage possibly occurred secondary to the SRMA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracerebral haemorrhage in a dog with steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis

Brocal

José-López

Hammond

et al. 2017

Vet Record Case Reports

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A one‐year and six‐month‐old female neutered Boxer dog was presented with a four‐day history of pyrexia, lethargy and neck pain. An intracerebral haemorrhage and a mediastinal mass were identified. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed severe neutrophilic pleocytosis, and steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA) was suspected. A significant improvement was observed with immunosuppressive steroid therapy and subsequent imaging revealed a reduction in size of the intracerebral haemorrhage and disappearance of the mediastinal mass. SRMA is a systemic disease with potential involvement of multiple organs. Intracerebral haemorrhage can occur secondary to SRMA and can have a successful outcome.

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STIR muscle hyperintensity in the cervical muscles associated with inflammatory spinal cord disease of unknown origin

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Clinical characteristics, breed differences, and quality of life in North American dogs with acute steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

Clinical characteristics, breed differences, and quality of life in North American dogs with acute steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis

Low‐field magnetic resonance changes in the paravertebral musculature of dogs with acute intervertebral disc extrusion

Intracerebral haemorrhage in a dog with steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis

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