<scp>SNP</scp> genotypes of olfactory receptor genes associated with olfactory ability in German Shepherd dogs

Yang, Min; Geng, G.-J.; Zhang, W.; Cui, Liwen; Zhang, H.-X.; Zheng, Jianyi

doi:10.1111/age.12389

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Further, targeted candidate gene approaches have had preliminary success in identifying dogs with the greatest potential in Korean military dog programs ( 144 , 145 ). Additionally, a candidate gene approach recently identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variable canine olfactory detection performance ( 146 , 147 ), suggesting that a molecular genetics approach may be fruitful in identifying detection dogs with higher performance capabilities. However, more research and application to other populations of working dogs is necessary before robust conclusions can be drawn or such a technology can be implemented as a selection tool.…”

Section: What Factors Will Optimize the Process Of Placing Successful Working Dogs?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Selection and Performance of Working Dogs

et al. 2021

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Dogs perform a variety of integral roles in our society, engaging in work ranging from assistance (e.g., service dogs, guide dogs) and therapy to detection (e.g., search-and-rescue dogs, explosive detection dogs) and protection (e.g., military and law enforcement dogs). However, success in these roles, which requires dogs to meet challenging behavioral criteria and to undergo extensive training, is far from guaranteed. Therefore, enhancing the selection process is critical for the effectiveness and efficiency of working dog programs and has the potential to optimize how resources are invested in these programs, increase the number of available working dogs, and improve working dog welfare. In this paper, we review two main approaches for achieving this goal: (1) developing selection tests and criteria that can efficiently and effectively identify ideal candidates from the overall pool of candidate dogs, and (2) developing approaches to enhance performance, both at the individual and population level, via improvements in rearing, training, and breeding. We summarize key findings from the empirical literature regarding best practices for assessing, selecting, and improving working dogs, and conclude with future steps and recommendations for working dog organizations, breeders, trainers, and researchers.

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Section: What Factors Will Optimize the Process Of Placing Successful Working Dogs?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Selection and Performance of Working Dogs

et al. 2021

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“…Interestingly, up to 25% of the observed SNPs were classified as being breed-specific, and half of these encoded for receptors with a modified ligandbinding capacity. Further studies confirmed that the genetic heterogeneity is associated with different smelling capabilities not only among the different dog breeds, but also in dogs belonging to the same breed [14][15][16].…”

Section: The Mammal Olfactory Systemmentioning

confidence: 67%

The “olfactory fingerprint”: can diagnostics be improved by combining canine and digital noses?

Lippi

Heaney

2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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AbstractA sniffer (detecting) dog is conventionally defined as an animal trained to use its olfactory perceptions for detecting a vast array of substances, mostly volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including those exceptionally or exclusively generated in humans bearing specific pathologies. Such an extraordinary sniffing performance translates into the capability of detecting compounds close to the femtomolar level, with performance comparable to that of current mass spectrometry-based laboratory applications. Not only can dogs accurately detect “abnormal volatilomes” reflecting something wrong happening to their owners, but they can also perceive visual, vocal and behavioral signals, which altogether would contribute to raise their alertness. Although it seems reasonable to conclude that sniffer dogs could never be considered absolutely “diagnostic” for a given disorder, several lines of evidence attest that they may serve as efficient screening aids for many pathological conditions affecting their human companions. Favorable results have been obtained in trials on cancers, diabetes, seizures, narcolepsy and migraine, whilst interesting evidence is also emerging on the capability of early and accurately identifying patients with infectious diseases. This would lead the way to proposing an “olfactory fingerprint” loop, where evidence that dogs can identify the presence of human pathologies provides implicit proof of the existence of disease-specific volatilomes, which can be studied for developing laboratory techniques. Contextually, the evidence that specific pathologies are associated with abnormal VOC generation may serve as reliable basis for training dogs to detect these compounds, even (or especially) in patients at an asymptomatic phase.

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“…As the behavioral variables in each subtest are considered to have equal weight (Yang et al . ), the raw scores were summed, and a low rating corresponded to low intensity of courage, i.e., timidity.…”

Section: Scores Of Startled Behavior Of Dogs With Different Snp Genotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between COMT SNP variation and timidity in Golden and Labrador Retrievers

Luo

Bai

et al. 2018

Animal Genetics

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Timidity in dogs is a trait with high heritability. However, the relevant genetic factors and markers associated with this condition are largely unknown. The function of the catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene has been found to be associated with human fearful or anxious emotions, and the COMT:p.Val158Met polymorphism locus is significantly related to anxious behavior. In the present study, the correlation between timidity and four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variations (C.-1666C>G c.39A>G, c.216G>A, c.482G>A) of the COMT gene was investigated in dogs. The evaluation was based on the dog courage assessment assay and a genotype and haplotype analysis in Labrador Retrievers (LR) and Golden Retrievers (GR). The principal components analysis factor structure of the courage phenotype was invariant between LR and GR. Sex, breed and age had no statistically significant effect on the timidity of the dogs. All SNP loci detected were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The c.39A>G locus was removed in the subsequent association analysis due to the significant difference between LR and GR in genotype distributions. Intriguingly, the genotypes and haplotypes of the COMT gene were significantly and highly correlated with the timidity of LR and GR. The A alleles of the COMT:c.216G>A and c.482G>A loci appeared to play a dominant role in the timid behavior of the dogs. This result supports and broadens the warrior/worrier hypothesis and will have important implications for the understanding of the evolution of temperament in dogs. Additionally, the results provide predictive genetic markers for temperament in dogs.

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SNP genotypes of olfactory receptor genes associated with olfactory ability in German Shepherd dogs

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Enhancing the Selection and Performance of Working Dogs

Enhancing the Selection and Performance of Working Dogs

The “olfactory fingerprint”: can diagnostics be improved by combining canine and digital noses?

Association between COMT SNP variation and timidity in Golden and Labrador Retrievers

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