<scp>RAFT</scp>
            Polymerization: Mechanistic Considerations

Quinn, John F.; Moad, Graeme; Barner‐Kowollik, Christopher

doi:10.1002/9783527821358.ch5

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Radical termination events can occur, but the equilibrium between activation, propagation, and deactivation steps is carefully regulated to ensure a controlled polymerization. 14,[25][26][27][28][29] A schematic representation is shown in Figure 3 and concise mechanism is presented in Table 2. ATRP and RAFT both provide excellent control over polymerization, leading to well-defined structures but RAFT is generally more versatile as it can be applied to a wider range of monomers and reaction conditions.…”

Section: Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This eliminates the need for T A B L E 2 Concise polymerization of RAFT. [12][13][14][23][24][25][26][27][28]…”

Section: Microfluidics: a Platform For Precision Engineering 41 | Mic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atrp and Raft: Mechanistic Foundations Of Controlled Radical...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlled polymerization in microfluidics: Advancement in nanogel synthesis

Pandey,

Sharma,

Sandhu

et al. 2023

SPE Polymers

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This comprehensive review provides a detailed examination of controlled polymerization in the development of nanogels‐based microfluidic devices. Here, we have explored the integration of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) techniques within microfluidic platforms for the synthesis of nanogels. The synergistic combination of ATRP and RAFT with microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool for precise control over polymerization reactions, enabling the fabrication of well‐defined, multifunctional nanogels with tailored properties. The review begins with a thorough introduction to the principles of ATRP and RAFT, highlighting their respective advantages in controlled radical polymerization. Subsequently, it elucidates the principles of microfluidics and its profound impact on polymerization processes. The merging of these techniques enables precise control over reaction kinetics, monomer conversions, and molecular weight distributions, facilitating the synthesis of nanogels with unprecedented precision and reproducibility. Furthermore, this review delves into the chemical mechanisms underlying ATRP and RAFT reactions in microfluidic environments, emphasizing the role of various initiators, catalysts, and chain transfer agents. Special attention is given to the impact of microscale flow conditions on reaction kinetics and polymer structure. In addition, the review discusses emerging trends in the field, such as the incorporation of novel monomers and the exploration of environmentally benign reaction conditions.Highlights The controlled polymerization is the mechanism by which we can obtain tailormade material. The nanogel synthesis must ensure the gelation to be in confined dimensions here microfluidics plays key role.

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Section: Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This eliminates the need for T A B L E 2 Concise polymerization of RAFT. [12][13][14][23][24][25][26][27][28]…”

Section: Microfluidics: a Platform For Precision Engineering 41 | Mic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controlled polymerization in microfluidics: Advancement in nanogel synthesis

Pandey,

Sharma,

Sandhu

et al. 2023

SPE Polymers

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“…33−38 The fundamental concept of RAFT polymerization involves a reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer mechanism occurring between active and dormant species. 39,40 The control provided by the RAFT process allows for the synthesis of polymers with a regulated architecture and narrow MWDs under standard radical polymerization conditions. Furthermore, this advanced synthetic method eliminates the need for metal catalysts and high polymerization temperatures, rendering RAFT particularly advantageous for numerous biological applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(octadecyl methacrylate) via RAFT Technique and Its Rheological Study for Waxy Crude

Dutta,

Mohan,

Saikia

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The strategy of combining RAFT polymerization with click chemistry should depend on the desired architecture and type of functional groups ( Scheme 3 ). R and Z groups play different roles in the RAFT mechanism [ 48 ]. The Z group is known as a stabilizing group; its structure, i.e., alkyl, aryl (dithioesters), O–alkyl, O–aryl (xanthates), N–alkyl, N–aryl (dithiocarbamates) or S–alkyl, and S–aryl (trithiocarbonates), affects the reactivity of the C=S bond and the stability of intermediate radicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAFT-Based Polymers for Click Reactions

Черникова

Kudryavtsev

2022

Polymers

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The parallel development of reversible deactivation radical polymerization and click reaction concepts significantly enriches the toolbox of synthetic polymer chemistry. The synergistic effect of combining these approaches manifests itself in a growth of interest to the design of well-defined functional polymers and their controlled conjugation with biomolecules, drugs, and inorganic surfaces. In this review, we discuss the results obtained with reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and different types of click reactions on low- and high-molar-mass reactants. Our classification of literature sources is based on the typical structure of macromolecules produced by the RAFT technique. The review addresses click reactions, immediate or preceded by a modification of another type, on the leaving and stabilizing groups inherited by a growing macromolecule from the chain transfer agent, as well as on the side groups coming from monomers entering the polymerization process. Architecture and self-assembling properties of the resulting polymers are briefly discussed with regard to their potential functional applications, which include drug delivery, protein recognition, anti-fouling and anti-corrosion coatings, the compatibilization of polymer blends, the modification of fillers to increase their dispersibility in polymer matrices, etc.

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RAFT Polymerization: Mechanistic Considerations

Cited by 5 publications

References 137 publications

Controlled polymerization in microfluidics: Advancement in nanogel synthesis

Controlled polymerization in microfluidics: Advancement in nanogel synthesis

Poly(octadecyl methacrylate) via RAFT Technique and Its Rheological Study for Waxy Crude

RAFT-Based Polymers for Click Reactions

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