Polypropylene/abaca fiber eco‐composites: Influence of bio‐waste additive on flame retardancy and mechanical properties

Abstract

This research focused on the fabrication of flame-retardant green composites by utilizing inexpensive bio-waste eggshell powder (ESP) as a flame-retardant additive to polypropylene (PP)/abaca fibers (AF) composites (AF/ESP-PP). The optimization of AF reinforcement in composites examines various wt% (5-20) of fibers in the light of mechanical properties. Fifteen weight percentage of AF reinforcement showing the highest tensile (26 MPa) and flexural (46 MPa) strength compared to the remaining composites. Spectral (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and micro (scanning electron microscope) analysis support the improvement of mechanical strength of the composites in connection with the interaction between AF with PP. Besides, different wt% (2, 4, 6, and 8) of ESP were incorporated into the AF/PP composites and examine the thermal and flame-retardant properties by thermogravimetric analysis, horizontal burn test, and microcalorimetry, respectively. An improvement in thermal stability 9.82 wt% at 700 C, horizontal burn test results and decrement in peak heat release rate to 947 W/g.

Characterization of the Thermoset Blend of a Vinyl Ester Resin with Eco-friendly Epoxidized Corn Oil as a Potential Sustainable Composite Matrix Resin

“…Thermoset Blending of VE and ECO. In accordance with the procedure outlined in Prabhakar et al, 6,31 the mixes were created using a solution casting technique. To create a homogeneous mixture, the needed quantities of ECO and VE were combined in a beaker and swirled for 10 min with an overhead stirrer (DLAB, Korea).…”

“…In reality, three variables are crucial for developing novel polymeric materials: chemical composition, microstructure, and architecture. Extensive chemical and microstructure modification is usually required to create innovative metallic alloys, ceramics, polymers, and their composites. − To address these environmental problems, biobased chemicals have lately sparked great interest and enabled new innovations for epoxy cross-linked polymers, both academically and industrially. Epoxy monomers are also often generated from a kind of double bond in natural products: When the natural products already include double bonds in the aliphatic chains, such as vegetable oils, the epoxidation process is carried out in the presence of H 2 O 2 …”

Effect of hybrid eco‐friendly reinforcement and their size on mechanical and flame retardant properties of polypropylene composites for technical applications

“…As it moved through the extruder, the blend passed through four specific heating zones set at 180 C, 185 C, 190 C, and 195 C. Simultaneously, the primary twin-screw operated at 30 rpm, while the hopper screw functioned at 20 rpm. 43,44 Upon exiting the extruder, the composite filament was cooled to room temperature using an air-cooled conveyor (SFS-120, Wuhan Ruiming Experimental Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd., China). This filament was then fed into a miniature granulator (SQS-180, Wuhan Ruiming Experimental Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd., China) to produce pellets.…”

Spent coffee grounds: An intriguing biowaste reinforcement of thermoplastic starch with potential application in green packaging

“…Starch is regarded as an abundant carbon source in intumescent systems [52] ; thus, the burning rate of the polymers derived from starch were approximately 2.0-4.6 lower (i.e., $18.13 mm/min) than that of prevalent commercial plastics such as PP and PLA. [53,54] Furthermore, TPS incorporated with SCG, which is also a carbonaceous material and produced more char residue after owing to the presence of lignin, [18,55] exhibited even more impressive performance. Indeed, the burning pace was impeded by ca.…”