Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/PVDF‐g‐polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/TiO₂ mixed matrix nanofiltration membranes: preparation and characterization

Abstract

In this paper, the effect of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-g-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and nano-TiO 2 , as organic and inorganic additives, respectively, on the antifouling properties of PVDF nanofiltration membranes was studied. PVDF-g-PVP/TiO 2 mixed matrix membranes were prepared using the phase inversion method. The PVDF-g-PVP was synthesized via the atom transfer radical polymerization technique and characterized using 1 H NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and TGA. The characterization of prepared membranes was carried out using SEM, field emission scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and contact angle analyses; and porosity, pure water flux, bovine serum albumin solution filtration and antifouling experiments were also studied. According to the results, the membranes could be successfully modified by using PVDF-g-PVP and nano-TiO 2 additives. The hydrophilicity of the modified membranes increased, leading to a decrease in contact angle values and an increase in water flux, pore size and porosity of the membranes. Furthermore, compared with neat PVDF membranes, the modified membranes showed high rejection (95.35%) of bovine serum albumin solution. The water flux recovery ratio of the modified membranes also reached 87.64%, indicating a considerable improvement in antifouling properties in comparison with the neat membrane.

Polyvinylidene fluoride/polysulfone/air plasma defected hexagonal boron nitride emerging nano blends for electrostatic dissipation

“…It exhibits excellent thermal and mechanical stability. 12,13 On the other hand, polysulfone (to PSF) referred as engineering amorphous thermoplastic exhibited excellent electrical and thermal properties preferred for variety of electronic applications. 14 Generally, it was utilized for development of flexible polymer films.…”

“…It is one of the well‐known thermoplastics highly demonstrated for membrane applications due to its hydrophobic nature. It exhibits excellent thermal and mechanical stability 12,13 . On the other hand, polysulfone (to PSF) referred as engineering amorphous thermoplastic exhibited excellent electrical and thermal properties preferred for variety of electronic applications 14 .…”

Hydrophilic modification of PVDF membranes for oily water separation with enhanced anti‐fouling performance

“…The FTIR spectra of different membranes are displayed in Figure 2a. The characteristic peaks of the pristine PVDF membrane have emerged at 869 and 1178 cm −1 , related to the CC and CF stretching vibrations, respectively 42 . For the PVDF‐PG and PVDF‐PG/PEI membranes, stretching vibrational bonding occurs between 1500 and 1600 cm −1 owing to the CC bonding of the benzene backbone.…”

“…The characteristic peaks of the pristine PVDF membrane have emerged at 869 and 1178 cm À1 , related to the C C and C F stretching vibrations, respectively. 42 For the PVDF-PG and PVDF-PG/PEI membranes, stretching vibrational bonding occurs between 1500 and 1600 cm À1 owing to the C C bonding of the benzene backbone. Moreover, the presence of weak N H absorption peaks of PEI at wave number 1540 cm À1 and C N bond absorption peaks at wave number 1567 cm À1 , indicates that the PG and PEI Schiff base reaction occurred.…”

Preparation of hydrophilic poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane by in‐situ grafting of N‐vinyl pyrrolidone via a reactive vapor induced phase separation procedure

“…Figure 1 shows the ATR‐IR spectra of the controlled membrane of M12‐0 and of the NVP‐modified membranes. In the spectrum of the PVDF membrane prepared in the absence of NVP monomer, the peaks at 874, 1168, and 1401 cm −1 were assigned to the stretching vibration of CC, CF 2 , and CH 2 units in the PVDF chains, 32–34 respectively. For the membranes prepared in the presence of NVP, new peaks at about 1179, 1291, and 1662 cm −1 were observed in their spectra, which can be respectively assigned to the stretching vibration of CC, CN, and C═O of the pyrrolidone ring 33–35 .…”