LHRHConjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancers

Abstract

The sections in this article are Introduction Cancer Conventional Approaches to Cancer/Metastases Detection Current Chemotherapeutic Approaches and their Disadvantages in Cancer Treatments Multidrug Resistance Drug Delivery to Tumors Nanoparticles as Vehicles for Drug Delivery and Diagnosis Targeting Tumor Cells Passive Targeting Active Targeting Detection of Tumors and Metastases using Nanoparticles Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Targeted Delivery of Nanoparticles to Increase Cellular Uptake for Higher MRI Resolution LHRH and its Receptors The Ligand Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone – LHRH Analogs of LHRH Receptors for LHRH Function–Signal Transduction Pathways LHRH Receptor‐mediated Uptake LHRH Receptor Type II LHRH ‐bound Magnetic Nanoparticles Synthesis and Characterization Treatment using Hyperthermia Treatment using Lytic Peptides Destruction of Metastases through LHRH ‐ SPION ‐Hecate Detection of Tumors and Metastases Targeted Delivery of SPION Contrast Agents for MRI In Vitro Studies on Receptor‐targeted LHRH ‐ SPION Uptake In Vivo Studies on Receptor‐targeted LHRH ‐ SPION Uptake Future Outlook Acknowledgments

A perfusable 3D cell–matrix tissue culture chamber for in situ evaluation of nanoparticle vehicle penetration and transport

“…Tissues and organs where the studied nanoparticles will be eventually used are likely to differ in terms of composition, density, and average pore size since they are usually consist of many extracellular material types such basement membrane ECMs, collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans in varying composition. Tissue and organs are typically denser due in part to many extracellular material types and thus their pore sizes in the range of 1-100 nm (Leuschner, 2007) are usually 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than gels in the range of 1-10 mm (Pedersen and Swartz 2005;Zaman et al, 2006). It is highly likely that the penetration depths in tissues will be less than observed in hydrogel systems although data and information obtained from gel cultures provide insights and may be used in computational models and analysis to predict nanoparticle behavior in tissues.…”