HIV: the changing paradigm

Abstract

The past four decades have seen enormous progress in the diagnosis and management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. There have been significant advances spanning the approval of the first antiretroviral agents, the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy to single tablet regimens with minimal toxicity. Although these remarkable developments have on the surface led to the 'end of AIDS', there are still key populations being left behind. This clinical update will describe the diagnosis and management of HIV, and the changing paradigms that have seen HIV transform from a life-limiting condition to a manageable chronic disease over a few decades.

Consensus recommendations for use of long‐acting antiretroviral medications in the treatment and prevention of HIV‐1: Endorsed by the American Academy of HIV Medicine, American College of Clinical Pharmacy, Canadian HIV and Viral Hepatitis Pharmacists Network, European AIDS Clinical Society, and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists

“…Physical space for LA ARV administration and equipment storage should be allocated. In comparison to accessing oral ART from a pharmacy and daily administration outside of the clinic (usually in a home setting), patient visits to the clinic for administration of LA ARVs (which would ideally occur in a private space) will substantially increase the need for additional clinic space and resources 128 …”

“…In comparison to accessing oral ART from a pharmacy and daily administration outside of the clinic (usually in a home setting), patient visits to the clinic for administration of LA ARVs (which would ideally occur in a private space) will substantially increase the need for additional clinic space and resources. 128 Further, for some LA ARV options, cold chain management is needed. In particular, optimal storage temperature for vials of LA CAB/RPV and IBA is between 2 and 8 degrees Celsius.…”

Prevalence of depression among people living with HIV in rural hospitals in South-Western Nigeria-Association with clinico-demographic factors

“…Globally, there has been a positive change in the demographics of people living with HIV (PLWH) in the last three decades due to the availability and effectiveness of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) [ 1 ]. PLWH are faced with a paradigm change from a disease with high morbidity and mortality, mainly from infectious diseases to a more significant burden of non-communicable diseases [ 2 , 3 ].…”