<scp>F</scp>ourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Leclerc, D.

doi:10.1002/9780470027318.a2203

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The first one, 1516 cm −1 , corresponds to the C=C stretch, while the aromatic C-H deformation is usually observed at 1384 cm −1 [6]. The peak of 1031 cm −1 can be assigned to the aromatic C-H in-plane deformation of guaiacyl moieties [39,40]. The signal at 1340 cm −1 corresponds to the C-H deformation of cellulose and hemicellulose derivatives present on the bio-oil [41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Higher Heating Value of Eucalyptus globulus via Thermochemical Liquefaction

Fernandes¹,

Matos²,

Gaspar³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Biomass can be envisaged as a potential solution to mitigate the problems that the extensive exploitation of fossil sources causes on the environment. Transforming biomass into added-value products with better calorific properties is highly desired. Thermochemical liquefaction can convert biomass into a bio-oil. The work herein presented concerns the study of direct liquefaction of Eucalyptus globulus sawdust. The main goal was to optimise the operating conditions of the process to achieve high bio-oil conversion rates. Studies were carried out to understand the impact of the process factors, such as the residence time, catalyst concentration, temperature, and the biomass-to-solvent ratio. The E. globulus sawdust conversion into bio-oil was achieved with a maximum conversion of 96.2%. A higher conversion was reached when the eucalyptus sawdust's thermochemical liquefaction was conducted over 180 minutes in the presence of a >2.44% catalyst concentration at 160 °C. A lower biomass-to-solvent ratio favours the process leading to a higher conversion of biomass into bio-oil. The afforded bio-oil presented a better higher heating value than that of E. globulus sawdust.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the Higher Heating Value of Eucalyptus globulus via Thermochemical Liquefaction

Fernandes¹,

Matos²,

Gaspar³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…This trend was observed and explained by several authors as a consequence of increasing the amount of acetyl and carbonyl groups from lignin [ 53 , 54 ]. The absorption intensities near 1600 and 1500 cm −1 (C=C stretching vibrations in aromatic structure of lignin) are related to the skeletal vibration of the syringyl and guaiacyl structures in lignin [ 55 , 56 ]. In our case, the band around 1600 cm −1 slightly decreased in the meranti and padauk samples treated at lower temperatures (160 and 180 °C) ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Meranti, Padauk, and Merbau Wood Lignin during the ThermoWood Process

et al. 2021

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Thermal modification is an environmentally friendly process in which technological properties of wood are modified using thermal energy without adding chemicals, the result of which is a value-added product. Wood samples of three tropical wood species (meranti, padauk, and merbau) were thermally treated according to the ThermoWood process at various temperatures (160, 180, 210 °C) and changes in isolated lignin were evaluated by nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). New data on the lignins of the investigated wood species were obtained, e.g., syringyl to guaiacyl ratio values (S/G) were 1.21, 1.70, and 3.09, and molecular weights were approx. 8600, 4300, and 8300 g·mol−1 for meranti, padauk, and merbau, respectively. Higher temperatures cause a decrease of methoxyls and an increase in C=O groups. Simultaneous degradation and condensation reactions in lignin occur during thermal treatment, the latter prevailing at higher temperatures.

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“…It was used to determine the functional groups present in sample. The spectrum was measured within the range of 4000-400 cm −1 wave numbers (Leclerc 2000;Chong et al 2001).…”

Section: Instrumental Characterization Of Befmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorptive study of coagulation treatment of paint wastewater using novel Brachystegia eurycoma extract

2018

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Adsorptive component of coagulation-flocculation of paint wastewater using Brachystegia eurycoma (seed) coagulant was investigated. The bio-sample was analyzed for functional groups, surface morphology and thermal characteristics. The effects of coagulant dosage, effluent pH and settling time on the process were studied. The coagulation data were analyzed in light of adsorption kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics. Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models best described the models, and the values recorded for Gibb's free energy, entropy and enthalpy values were-28.692 kJ/mol, 0.206 kJ/ mol and 34.857 kJ/mol, respectively. At the experimental condition, maximum process efficiency (96.50%) was obtained at coagulant dosage of 5 g/L, pH 8 and coagulation temperature of 35 °C. Having satisfactorily correlated coagulation data to adsorption models, it could be inferred that significant component of the process was predominated by adsorption.

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Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Boosting the Higher Heating Value of Eucalyptus globulus via Thermochemical Liquefaction

Boosting the Higher Heating Value of Eucalyptus globulus via Thermochemical Liquefaction

Changes of Meranti, Padauk, and Merbau Wood Lignin during the ThermoWood Process

Adsorptive study of coagulation treatment of paint wastewater using novel Brachystegia eurycoma extract

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