<scp>ERP</scp> and pupil responses to deviance in an oddball paradigm

Kamp, Siri-Maria; Donchin, Emanuel

doi:10.1111/psyp.12378

Cited by 79 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In humans, it has been challenging to assess LC activity directly on a trial-by-trial basis, but pupil dilation has been used as a proxy measure, as phasic LC stimulation leads to pupil dilation (Joshi et al, 2015;Reimer et al, 2016). Indeed, human studies indicate that oddball items produce greater pupil dilation than do frequent items (Gilzenrat et al, 2010;Kamp & Donchin, 2015;Murphy, Robertson, Balsters, & O'Connell, 2011). Furthermore, pupil activity during an oddball task is associated with blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activity in a dorsal pontine region overlapping with the location of the LC (Murphy et al, 2014).…”

Section: Pupillometry As An Indirect Marker Of Lc Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric exercise facilitates attention to salient events in women via the noradrenergic system

Mather

Huang

Clewett

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The locus coeruleus (LC) plays a critical role in regulating attention via the release of norepinephrine (NE), with levels of tonic LC activity constraining the intensity of phasic LC responses. However, the effects of manipulating tonic LC-NE activity on phasic activity have yet to be demonstrated in humans. In the current fMRI study, we used isometric handgrip to modulate tonic LC-NE activity in the time period immediately afterwards. During this posthandgrip time, an oddball detection task was used to probe how changes in tonic arousal influenced functional coordination between the LC and a right frontoparietal network that supports attentional selectivity. As expected, the frontoparietal network responded more to infrequent target and novel sounds than to frequent sounds. Across participants, greater LCfrontoparietal functional connectivity, pupil dilation, and faster oddball detection were all positively associated with LC MRI contrast from a neuromelanin-sensitive structural scan. Thus, LC structural integrity was related to LC functional dynamics and attentional performance during the oddball task. We also found that handgrip led to larger phasic pupil responses to oddball sounds, faster oddball detection speed, and greater frontoparietal network activation, suggesting that something that induces strong LC activity benefits attentional performance for at least the next few minutes. In addition, older women showed a similar benefit of handgrip on frontoparietal network activation as younger women, despite showing lower frontoparietal network activation overall. Together these findings suggest that a simple exercise may improve selective attention in healthy aging, at least for several minutes afterwards. Highlights• We examined how handgrip affects arousal-attention dynamics during an oddball task • Salient stimuli enhanced pupil dilation and were detected faster post-handgrip • A decrease in tonic pupil size after handgrip suggests norepinephrine depletion • MRI-assessed LC integrity was related to oddball detection and pupil dilation • LC integrity also associated with LC-frontoparietal network functional connectivity

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Section: Pupillometry As An Indirect Marker Of Lc Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric exercise facilitates attention to salient events in women via the noradrenergic system

Mather

Huang

Clewett

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…These isolates also elicit a P300 (Donchin, 1981;Sutton, Braren, Zubin, & John, 1965). In conditions where a behavioral Von Restorff effect was observed, larger P300 amplitudes were elicited by physically deviant isolates that were subsequently recalled, compared to the P300 elicited by isolates that were not subsequently recalled (Fabiani & Donchin, 1995;Fabiani, Karis, & Donchin, 1990;Kamp, Brumback, & Donchin, 2013;Kamp & Donchin, 2015;Kamp, Forester, Murphy, Brumback, & Donchin, 2012;Karis et al, 1984). The P300 subsequent memory effects can thus be used to index the interaction of distinctiveness with episodic encoding: If emotionally charged words are better recalled because they stand out, the behavioral enhancement should be accompanied by a P300, which in turn exhibits a subsequent memory effect.…”

Section: Erp Components That Index Distinctiveness and Semantic Relatmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the roles of distinctiveness and semantic expectancies in episodic encoding of emotional words

2015

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We examined the factors that contribute to enhanced recall for emotionally arousing words by analyzing behavioral performance, the P300 as an index of distinctiveness, and the N400 as an index of semantic expectancy violation in a modified Von Restorff paradigm. While their EEG was recorded, participants studied three list types (1) neutral words including one emotionally arousing isolate (either positive or negative), (2) arousing, negative words including one neutral isolate, or (3) arousing, positive words including one neutral isolate. Immediately after each list, free recall was tested. Negative, but not positive, words exhibited enhanced recall when presented as isolates in lists of neutral words and elicited a larger P300 for subsequently recalled than not-recalled words. This suggests that arousing, negative words stand out and that their distinctiveness contributes to their superior recall. Positive valence had an enhancing effect on recall only when the list contained mostly other positive words. Neutral isolates placed in either positive or negative lists elicited an N400, suggesting that semantic expectations developed in emotional word lists regardless of valence. However, semantic relatedness appeared to more strongly contribute to recall for positive than negative words. Our results suggest that distinctiveness and semantic relatedness contribute to episodic encoding of arousing words, but the impact of each factor depends on both a word's valence and its context.

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“…In a recent oddball study, comodulation of the PDR response and the early-and late-P3a have been reported: both were enhanced in concert by high-arousing negative novel sounds compared to lowarousing neutral novel sounds (Widmann et al, 2018). However in another oddball study, at the single trial level, P3a did not correlate with the PDR amplitude (Kamp and Donchin, 2015). In oddball studies, a tendency towards a larger P3a has been observed in trials in which a SCR has been elicited (Lyytinen et al, 1992;Marinkovic et al, 2001) but other studies fail to link the SCR to any of the ERPs triggered by novel sounds (Barry et al, 2013;Rushby and Barry, 2009).…”

Section: Relationships Between the Fronto-central P3a And Arousalmentioning

confidence: 88%

Fronto-central P3a to distracting sounds: an index of their arousing properties

Masson

Bidet-Caulet

2018

Preprint

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The P3a is an event-related potential comprising an early fronto-central phase and a late frontoparietal phase. It is observed after novel events and has classically been considered to reflect the attention processing of distracting stimuli. However, novel sounds can lead to behavioral facilitation as much as behavioral distraction. This illustrates the duality of the orienting response which includes both an attentional and an arousal component. Using a paradigm with visual or auditory targets to detect and irrelevant unexpected distracting sounds to ignore, we showed that the facilitation effect by distracting sounds is independent of the target modality and endures more than 1500 ms. These results confirm that the behavioral facilitation observed after distracting sounds is related to an increase in unspecific phasic arousal on top of the attentional capture. Moreover, the amplitude of the early phase of the P3a to distracting sounds positively correlated with subjective arousal ratings, contrary to other event-related potentials. We propose that the fronto-central early phase of the P3a would index the arousing properties of distracting sounds and would be linked to the arousal component of the orienting response. Finally, we discuss the relevance of the P3a as a marker of distraction.

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ERP and pupil responses to deviance in an oddball paradigm

Cited by 79 publications

References 86 publications

Isometric exercise facilitates attention to salient events in women via the noradrenergic system

Isometric exercise facilitates attention to salient events in women via the noradrenergic system

On the roles of distinctiveness and semantic expectancies in episodic encoding of emotional words

Fronto-central P3a to distracting sounds: an index of their arousing properties

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