Deep‐Red to Near‐Infrared Carbon Dots in Biosensing and Bio‐medical Applications

Abstract

Comprehensive SummaryWith the rapid development in the field of biomedical diagnosis and treatment, carbon dots (CDs) with favorable photostability, biocompatibility and high quantum yields for deep‐red to near‐infrared emission have attracted the attention of a majority of researchers. By enlarging the sp2 domain in the core of CDs, doping them with heteroatoms like nitrogen and sulfur, applying hydrothermal, electrochemical, or microwave‐assisted techniques, CDs can be made with the aforementioned photoemission capabilities. In view of these excellent properties, CDs are flourishing in biosensing and biomedical applications, so that a thorough description and discussion of this topic is beneficial to capture the up‐to‐date progress of CDs in this field, providing suggestions and considerations for readers.