2007
DOI: 10.1080/01436590701336572
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csrand equality

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Cited by 114 publications
(80 citation statements)
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References 15 publications
(7 reference statements)
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“…However, such a stance denies the reality that (1) multinational companies already intervene in the political process to attain corporate objectives (e.g. lobbying for new legislation) (Shaffer and Hillman 2000;Frynas, Mellahi, and Pigman 2006); (2) corporate activities such as tax avoidance and lobbying may be contributing to governance failures (Utting 2007;Henriques 2007); and (3) under certain circumstances, multinational companies may benefit commercially from governance failures in developing countries (e.g. non-enforcement of certain government regulations or the ability of companies to negotiate more profitable agreements with governments) (Frynas 1998).…”
Section: Undermining Governance Through Corporate Activitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, such a stance denies the reality that (1) multinational companies already intervene in the political process to attain corporate objectives (e.g. lobbying for new legislation) (Shaffer and Hillman 2000;Frynas, Mellahi, and Pigman 2006); (2) corporate activities such as tax avoidance and lobbying may be contributing to governance failures (Utting 2007;Henriques 2007); and (3) under certain circumstances, multinational companies may benefit commercially from governance failures in developing countries (e.g. non-enforcement of certain government regulations or the ability of companies to negotiate more profitable agreements with governments) (Frynas 1998).…”
Section: Undermining Governance Through Corporate Activitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Corporations can contribute to enhance the stability of societies. Empowerment gives weaker groups in society a voice in political processes and thus increase equality of policies (Utting, 2007). There is, however, a fine line between efficient action and green-or blue-washing by TNCs-a corporation's disingenuous agreement to abide by ecological ("green") or social ("blue") standards and policies.…”
Section: International Covenant On Economic Social and Cultural Rmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The focus of CSR initiatives should then be on improving working conditions, community support, labour and human rights, community empowerment, and stakeholders' participation. It is proposed that the four dimensions of equity and equality are social protection, rights, empowerment, and redistribution [1]. Both the public and private sectors can promote these four dimensions through socially responsible activities.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Once we are able to address equity, then equitable society can be achieved. Utting (2007) considered equity and equality as prerequisites to achieving equitable society. One way of increasing chances towards achieving equitable society is through the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives by companies [1].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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