<scp>BRAF</scp> (V600E) mutation in isthmic malignant thyroid nodules

Campennì, Alfredo; Giovanella, Luca; Alibrandi, Angela; Siracusa, Massimiliano; Ruggeri, Rosaria M.; Baldari, Sergio

doi:10.1111/cen.12858

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Thyroid cancers occur in 2-5% of thyroid nodules, with an incidence of 3.8% of all new cancer diagnosis in 2014 [ 1 , 2 ]. The most frequent form is differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), while other types are very rare but more aggressive [ 3 – 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undetectable or low (<1 ng/ml) postsurgical thyroglobulin values do not rule out metastases in early stage differentiated thyroid cancer patients

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) work-up is based on (near)total-thyroidectomy plus thyroid remnant ablation (TRA) with 131-radioiodine in many patients, and long-life follow-up. 131I-post therapy whole body scan (pT-WBS) and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) are used in identifying metastatic patients. Some authors have evaluated the possibility of using post-surgical Tg (ps-Tg) values in deciding for or against TRA. The aim of our study was to verify the diagnostic accuracy of 131I-pT-WBS and SPECT/CT imaging (post-therapeutic imaging) compared to serum Tg levels in detecting metastases in early stage of DTC patients.ResultsPost-therapeutic imaging revealed metastases in 82 out of 570 (14.4%) patients. Metastases were successively confirmed by other diagnostic tools or by histology (sensitivity and PPV = 100%). Seventy-three out of 82 patients (90.2%) showed ps-Tg levels ≤1 ng/ml. In fifty-four per cent of patients, serum Tg levels at TRA remained ≤1 ng/ml.ConclusionIn conclusion, ps-Tg levels cannot be used in deciding for or against TRA. In early stage of DTC, post-therapeutic imaging (131I-pT-WBS and SPECT/CT) is an accurate method of detecting metastases, also in patients with stimulated serum Tg values ≤1 ng/mlMethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 570 consecutive patients affected by pT1-pT3 DTC (F = 450, M = 120), referred to our Nuclear Medicine Units in the last five years to perform TRA after (near)-total-thyroidectomy.All patients underwent TRA 3-4 months after thyroid surgery either in euthyroid or in hypothyroid state. Serum Tg values evaluated in post-surgical period and at TRA were matched with post-therapeutic imaging results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undetectable or low (<1 ng/ml) postsurgical thyroglobulin values do not rule out metastases in early stage differentiated thyroid cancer patients

et al. 2018

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“…Interestingly, a previous study showed that isthmus topography of malignant nodules is a risk factor for metastatic disease regardless of BRAF status. 20 This suggests that when thyroid isthmus lesions occur then aggressive treatment should be recommended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid papillary carcinoma with the ‘snowstorm appearance’: a clinicopathological analysis of three cases

Lei

Yang

2022

J Int Med Res

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This current case report presents the detailed clinicopathological analysis of three patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, each of which presented with the ‘snowstorm appearance’ on ultrasonography. Ultrasonography of this tumour typically shows a diffusely enlarged thyroid with hypoechoic and heterogeneous internal echoes, and diffusely scattered microcalcifications, which form the ‘snowstorm appearance’. Microscopically, case 1 had a large number of psammoma bodies, infiltration of lymphocytes, formation of lymphatic follicles and extensive squamous metaplasia, leading to the diagnosis of a diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSVPTC). Case 2 was diagnosed with follicular papillary thyroid carcinoma. Their tumour had numerous calcifications in the stroma and follicles. Case 3 was diagnosed with a multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma in the background of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Their tumour showed calcification in the stroma and follicles, together with cervical lymph node metastasis. DSVPTC is a rare variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma. It has the ‘snowstorm appearance’ on ultrasound, but this can also be found in follicular papillary carcinoma and multifocal thyroid papillary carcinoma. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with the ‘snowstorm appearance’ has a large number of peripheral lymph nodes metastases, thus requiring radical surgery and postoperative adjuvant therapy.

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“…50,51 Moreover, HGF/c-met expression may be used for diagnostic and prognostic applications in the context of other wellaccepted clinic-pathological prognostic parameters for DTC (age, gender, pTNM stage, histological subtype, and malignant nodule topography) because very few new markers have revealed prognostic value per se. [52][53][54][55][56]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocyte Growth Factor/C-Met Axis in Thyroid Cancer: From Diagnostic Biomarker to Therapeutic Target

et al. 2017

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The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-met axis plays a crucial role in cancer development by promoting cellular proliferation, motility, and morphogenesis, as well as angiogenesis. Different cellular distributions of both the ligand and the receptor in benign vs malignant lesions indicate this biological system as a candidate for a diagnostic biomarker of malignancy occurring in endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and pituitary. Furthermore, the HGF/c-met expression may help to identify a subset of patients eligible for potential targeted therapies with HGF/c-met inhibitors or antagonists in thyroid tumour, as well as in other malignancies. This may be relevant for iodine-refractory cancers, the treatment of which is still a major challenge. With this in mind, HGF/c-met expression in thyroid cancer tissue may be useful for prognostic and therapeutic stratification of patients.

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BRAF (V600E) mutation in isthmic malignant thyroid nodules

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Undetectable or low (<1 ng/ml) postsurgical thyroglobulin values do not rule out metastases in early stage differentiated thyroid cancer patients

Undetectable or low (<1 ng/ml) postsurgical thyroglobulin values do not rule out metastases in early stage differentiated thyroid cancer patients

Thyroid papillary carcinoma with the ‘snowstorm appearance’: a clinicopathological analysis of three cases

Hepatocyte Growth Factor/C-Met Axis in Thyroid Cancer: From Diagnostic Biomarker to Therapeutic Target

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