Anti‐TMV activity and mode of action of three alkaloids isolated from Chelidonium majus

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Plant viral diseases are difficult to control and have caused serious damage to the agricultural industry. Recently, botanical biopesticides characterized by environment friendly, safe to non-target organism and not as susceptible to produce drug resistance, have exhibited great potential to be developed as antiviral agents. To screen the natural products with antiviral effect, three alkaloids possessed anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity were isolated from Chelidonium majus and the modes of action were investigated. RESULT: The anti-TMV effect of crude extracts at 10 mg mL −1 was 51.73%. Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of the compounds with anti-TMV activity were performed on the methanol extract of C. majus yielding three bioactive alkaloids namely: chelerythrine (1), chelidonine (2), and sanguinarine (3). The results of bioassay showed that chelerythrine exhibited great inactivation, proliferation inhibition and protection effects against TMV at 0.5 mg mL −1 with the efficiency of 72.67%, 77.52% and 59.34%, respectively. Chelidonine at 0.1 mg mL −1 can provide 54.90% and 64.45% inhibitions on TMV through inducing resistance in two kinds of tobacco. Sanguinarine showed a weaker protection for resisting TMV in comparison to chelerythrine and chelidonine. CONCLUSION: Chelerythrine and chelidonine displayed significant inhibitions on TMV with different modes of action. These results provided important evidence that the extracts in C. majus might be a potential source of new drugs in controlling virus disease agriculturally.

Therapeutic potential of chelerythrine as a multi-purpose adjuvant for the treatment of COVID-19

“…It has also been reported that chelerythrine has significant effects against plant viral diseases. In a recent study, anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) effects and mode of action of chelerythrine and some other alkaloids having antiviral activity such as chelidonine and sanguinarine were evaluated by Wenhui Guo et al The results showed that chelerythrine exhibits the best effects against TMV (at 0.5 mg mL −1 concentration) compared to other tested alkaloids [ 51 ].…”

Identification of anti‐TMV active flavonoid glycosides and their mode of action on virus particles from Clematis lasiandra Maxim

“…Flavonoid glycosides 2 , 5 and 6 were sprayed onto the lower three leaves of N. glutinosa at 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg ml −1 , respectively, and the upper three leaves were inoculated with TMV (10 μg ml −1 ) after 24 h. Ningnanmycin and 1% DMSO were used as positive and negative controls, respectively 2 . Each treatment or control contained ten tobacco plants.…”

“…2.8 Determination of systemic resistance against TMV induced by flavonoid glycosides 2.8.1 Systemic resistance induced by 2, 5 and 6 in N. glutinosa Flavonoid glycosides 2, 5 and 6 were sprayed onto the lower three leaves of N. glutinosa at 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg ml −1 , respectively, and the upper three leaves were inoculated with TMV (10 μg ml −1 ) after 24 h. Ningnanmycin and 1% DMSO were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. 2 Each treatment or control contained ten tobacco plants. The results were recorded and calculated after 4-5 days using the method described in Section 2.6.…”

“…Because plants have not developed immune systems unlike animals, it seems extremely difficult for them to inhibit virus proliferation or develop plant virus inhibitors 1 . Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a disreputable plant pathogen and has a wide host range of over 885 plant species in 65 families, including tobacco, potato, tomato among others 2 . A number of economically important crops have been infected by TMVs, causing a decline in the quality and yield of crops 3 .…”

“…1 Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a disreputable plant pathogen and has a wide host range of over 885 plant species in 65 families, including tobacco, potato, tomato among others. 2 A number of economically important crops have been infected by TMVs, causing a decline in the quality and yield of crops. 3 It is estimated that the annual loss caused by TMV is as high as US $1 billion in agricultural fields worldwide.…”