<scp>ACL</scp> injury risk in elite female youth soccer: Changes in neuromuscular control of the knee following soccer‐specific fatigue

Croix, Mark B. A. De Ste; Priestley, Abigail M; Lloyd, Rhodri S.; Oliver, Jon L.

doi:10.1111/sms.12355

Cited by 64 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To some extent, these findings are in agreement with one previous pediatric study that demonstrated a significant increase in neuromuscular feedback mechanisms following the SAFT90 in female youth soccer players (De Ste Croix et al, 2015). This reduction in muscle activation may be due to metabolic inhibition of the contractile process and excitation-contraction coupling failure (Kent-Braun, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Muscular and neuromuscular control following soccer‐specific exercise in male youth: Changes in injury risk mechanisms

Lehnert

Croix

Zaatar

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Poor neuromuscular control has been proposed as a risk factor for non-contact injuries, thus this study aimed to explore the effects of soccer-specific fatigue on leg muscle activation, reactive strength, leg stiffness, and functional hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/Q ) in elite male youth soccer players. Outcome measures were determined in 18 youth players (age 14.4 ± 0.5 years; stature 169.4 ± 9.9 cm; mass 59.3 ± 8.9 kg; maturity offset 0.86 ± 0.88 years) pre and post simulated soccer match play (SAFT ). There was no fatigue-related change in the H/Q ; however, reactive strength and leg stiffness were both compromised (P < 0.001) after soccer-specific fatigue. Muscle activation was also locally compromised (P < 0.001) in the medial hamstring and quadriceps but not in the lateral muscles. Where statistically significant changes were observed, the effect sizes ranged from small to large (0.33-0.97). Compromised stiffness when fatigue is present suggests an increased yielding action, greater ground contact times, greater center of mass displacement, and less efficient movement when the limb comes into contact with the ground. This combined with a reduction in medial quadriceps muscle activation may reflect poor kinetic chain control at the hip and an increase in knee injury risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Muscular and neuromuscular control following soccer‐specific exercise in male youth: Changes in injury risk mechanisms

Lehnert

Croix

Zaatar

et al. 2016

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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show abstract

“…At the point of contact, the quadriceps and hamstrings synchrony in activation is supposed to act as a protection mechanism towards the knee (Wojtys, Ashton-Miller, & Huston, 2002) by reducing the ACL loading at most extension angles (Mclean et al, 2005;Pandy & Shelburne, 1997) which has been observed to have reduced force outputs from soccer match-play exertions and fatigue (De Ste Croix, Priestley, Lloyd, & Oliver, 2015;Greig, 2008;Raja Azidin, Pykett, Scanlon, Bradburn, Robinson, & Vanrenterghem, 2014;Raja Azidin et al, 2015;Raja Azidin, Sankey, Robinson, & Vanrenterghem, 2013) and has been coined to contribute to an increase in injury risk (Hashemi et al, 2011). Furthermore, an extended knee has also been associated with increased knee valgus and knee adductor moments (Dai et al, 2012) which has been prospectively studied and identified as biomechanical risk factor for ACL injury (Hewett, Myer, Ford, Heidt, Colosimo, Mclean, Van Den Bogert, Paterno, & Succop, 2005).…”

Section: Effects Of Simulated Soccer Match-play On Knee and Hip Extenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a 90-minute simulated soccer match-play on knee and hip kinematics

Hamdan¹,

Hasan²,

Ismail³

et al. 2018

MoHE

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Knee and hip extension are two proposed mechanisms of non-traumatic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This study aimed to investigate the changes of the hip extension angles following exertion induced by an overground simulated soccer match-play. Fifteen male recreational players consented to this study and were required to complete a 90 minutes of simulated soccer match-play. Knee and hip angles were measured at initial contact during 45° anticipated side-cutting tasks performed prior to the simulation (time 0 min), at the end of the first half (time 45 min) prior to the second half (time 60 min) and at the end of the soccer match simulation (time 105 min). A two (group: dominant, nondominant) × four (time: 0 min, 45 min, 60 min and 105 min) mixed between- and within- subjects ANOVA was utilized. Results revealed that both knee and hip extension angles were significantly altered over time (knee: F3,102 = 4.464, p = 0.005, η2 = 0.116; hip: F3,102 = 9.998, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.227), however no significant differences were observed between dominant and nondominant sides (knee: F1,34 = 0.026, p = 0.872, η2 = 0.001; hip: F1,34 = 0.225, p = 0.638, η2 = 0.007). Pairwise comparisons indicated that the knee and hip is more during the second half of the simulation (time 60 min and time 105 min), compared to pre-exertion (time 0 min) (p < 0.05). The more erect knee and hip landing postures observed suggested a greater risk of ACL injury during the latter stage of each halves of match-play, supporting epidemiological observations. Further interrogations of the kinematic differences in the knees and hips across limb dominance are warranted for a more comprehensive understanding of the changes in a multiplanar perspective following soccer specific fatigue development.

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“…In soccer, greater levels of fatigue have been reported to increase injury incidence in both adult male professionals (19) and elite male youth players (13,60), with injuries occurring more frequently toward the end of the first and second half, respectively (60). It is suggested that this time frame may be indicative of reduced neuromuscular function and control, as evidenced by recent data showing that electromechanical delay increases (16) and feedforward reflex activity decreases (55) in females and males, respectively, after exposure to acute soccer-specific fatigue protocols. Furthermore, in a group of male youth soccer players, fatigueinduced changes have been reported during a drop jump task (51).…”

Section: Fatiguementioning

confidence: 82%

Injury Risk Factors in Male Youth Soccer Players

Read¹,

Oliver

Croix

et al. 2015

Strength &Amp; Conditioning Journal

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ACL injury risk in elite female youth soccer: Changes in neuromuscular control of the knee following soccer‐specific fatigue

Cited by 64 publications

References 43 publications

Muscular and neuromuscular control following soccer‐specific exercise in male youth: Changes in injury risk mechanisms

Muscular and neuromuscular control following soccer‐specific exercise in male youth: Changes in injury risk mechanisms

The effects of a 90-minute simulated soccer match-play on knee and hip kinematics

Injury Risk Factors in Male Youth Soccer Players

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