<scp>3D</scp> Reconstruction of Phonatory Glottal Shape and Volume: Effects of Neuromuscular Activation

Reddy, Neha K.; Schlegel, Patrick; Lee, Yoonjeong; Chhetri, Dinesh K.

doi:10.1002/lary.30178

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…1B) was tattooed onto the left VF medial surface. Landmarks were tracked using a custom software tool (GLabel, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen‐Nürnberg), and 3D reconstruction of landmark positions was performed using an algorithm developed and validated in‐house for this setup 16 . The mid‐membranous column of landmarks was tracked over three continuous glottal cycles, and the cyclical trajectories of each axial level of the medial VF were depicted in the coronal plane.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hemilarynx surgery and in vivo hemilaryngeal phonation has been detailed previously. 16 In brief, a mongrel in vivo canine larynx was exposed via an infrahyoid pharyngotomy, and a right hemilaryngectomy was performed. Cuff electrodes (Ardiem Medical, Indiana, PA) were connected to exposed SLN and RLN for electrical stimulation.…”

Section: In Vivo Canine Hemilarynx Phonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histologic Examination of Vocal Fold Mucosal Wave and Vibration

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesDespite gross anatomic and histologic differences between human and canine vocal folds, similar wave patterns have been described yet not fully characterized. We reconstructed vocal fold (VF) vibration in a canine hemilarynx and performed histologic examination of the same vocal fold. We demonstrate comparable wave patterns while exploring the importance of certain anatomic architectures.MethodsAn in vivo canine hemilarynx was phonated against a glass prism at low and high muscle activation conditions. Vibration was captured using high‐speed video, and trajectories of VF medial surface tattooed landmarks were 3D‐reconstructed. The method of empirical eigenfunctions was used to capture the essential dynamics of vibratory movement. Histologic examination of the hemilarynx was performed.ResultsOscillation patterns were highly similar between the in vivo canine and previous reports of ex vivo human models. The two most dominant eigenfunctions comprised over 90% of total variance of movement, representing opening/closing and convergent/divergent movement patterns, respectively. We demonstrate a vertical phase difference during the glottal cycle. The time delay between the inferior and superior VF was greater during opening than closing for both activation conditions. Histological examination of canine VF showed not only a thicker lamina propria layer superiorly but also a distinct pattern of thyroarytenoid muscle fibers and fascicles as described in human studies.ConclusionsHistologic and vibratory examination of the canine vocal fold demonstrated human vocal fold vibratory patterns despite certain microstructural differences. This study suggests that the multilayered lamina propria may not be fundamental to vibratory patterns necessary for human‐like voice production.Level of EvidenceN/A (Basic science study) Laryngoscope, 2023

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vivo Canine Hemilarynx Phonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histologic Examination of Vocal Fold Mucosal Wave and Vibration

et al. 2023

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“…The superior "figure-eight"-shaped pattern has also been observed before 12,24 and could be linked to high SLN and RLN stimulation at high flow. As the VF is tenser, its most superior part is not fully adducted during closing 14 forcing superior landmarks in an upward trajectory. During opening the superior VF is pulled down and away from the glass as the inferior part opens, creating the "figure-eight" pattern (see Fig.…”

Section: Oscillation Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an advanced version of the 3D reconstruction setup previously used by Döllinger et al 13 in a canine in vivo model, Reddy et al 3D-reconstructed a grid of 35 ink landmarks and interpolated the medial surface in-between. 14 In this study, we investigate VF oscillation patterns in a canine hemilarynx model as a function of SLN and RLN nerve stimulation and airflow levels with synchronous recording of the acoustic signal. Previous studies relied on ex vivo setups with no direct nerve stimulation, 11,12 stimulation of exclusively the RLN but not SLN 13,15 or did not investigate changing flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstruction of Vocal Fold Medial Surface 3D Trajectories: Effects of Neuromuscular Stimulation and Airflow

Schlegel,

Chung,

Döllinger

et al. 2023

The Laryngoscope

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IntroductionAnalysis of medial surface dynamics of the vocal folds (VF) is critical to understanding voice production and treatment of voice disorders. We analyzed VF medial surface vibratory dynamics, evaluating the effects of airflow and nerve stimulation using 3D reconstruction and empirical eigenfunctions (EEF).Study DesignIn vivo canine hemilarynx phonation.MethodsAn in vivo canine hemilarynx was phonated while graded stimulation of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves (RLN and SLN) was performed. For each phonatory condition, vibratory cycles were 3D reconstructed from tattooed landmarks on the VF medial surface at low, medium, and high airflows. Parameters describing medial surface trajectory shape were calculated, and underlying patterns were emphasized using EEFs. Fundamental frequency and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) were calculated from acoustic data.ResultsConvex‐hull area of landmark trajectories increased with increasing flow and decreasing nerve activation level. Trajectory shapes observed included circular, ellipsoid, bent, and figure‐eight. They were more circular on the superior and anterior VF, and more elliptical and line‐like on the inferior and posterior VF. The EEFs capturing synchronal opening and closing (EEF1) and alternating convergent/divergent (EEF2) glottis shapes were mostly unaffected by flow and nerve stimulation levels. CPPS increased with higher airflow except for low RLN activation and very dominant SLN stimulation.ConclusionWe analyzed VF vibration as a function of neuromuscular stimulation and airflow levels. Oscillation patterns such as figure‐eight and bent trajectories were linked to high nerve activation and flow. Further studies investigating longer sections of 3D reconstructed oscillations are needed.Level of EvidenceN/A, Basic Science Laryngoscope, 2023

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