Scorpion and spider venom peptides: Gene cloning and peptide expression

Quintero-Hernández, Verónica; Ortíz, Ernesto; Rendón-Anaya, Martha; Schwartz, Elisabeth Ferroni; Becerril, Baltazar; Corzo, Gerardo; Possani, Lourival D.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.09.015

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…The work was performed after chromatographic separation of components of venoms and the amino acid sequence determination was usually by Edman degradation procedures. More recently, the amino acid sequence of several Na + -channel toxins have been obtained by sequencing cDNA clones, either by direct search or by analysis of transcriptomes from scorpion venom glands (reviewed in Quintero-Hernández, et al, 2011). Recent examples of sequences of Na + -channels toxins obtained from cDNA by specific search are: the Bu1 toxin, the most potent toxin from the Turkish scorpion Buthacus macrocentrus (Caliskan et al, 2012), and the potent Acra4 toxin from Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom (Caliskan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Na+-channel Specific Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion venom components that affect ion-channels function

Quintero-Hernández

Jiménez-Vargas

Gurrola

et al. 2013

Toxicon

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SUMMARY The number and types of venom components that affect ion-channel function are reviewed. These are the most important venom components responsible for human intoxication, deserving medical attention, often requiring the use of specific anti-venoms. Special emphasis is given to peptides that recognize Na+-, K+- and Ca++-channels of excitable cells. Knowledge generated by direct isolation of peptides from venom and components deduced from cloned genes, whose amino acid sequences are deposited into databanks are now adays in the order of 1.5 thousands, out of an estimate biodiversity closed to 300,000. Here the diversity of components is briefly reviewed with mention to specific references. Structural characteristic are discussed with examples taken from published work. The principal mechanisms of action of the three different types of peptides are also reviewed. Na+-channel specific venom components usually are modifier of the open and closing kinetic mechanisms of the ion-channels, whereas peptides affecting K+-channels are normally pore blocking agents. The Ryanodine Ca++-channel specific peptides are known for causing sub-conducting stages of the channels conductance and some were shown to be able to internalize penetrating inside the muscle cells.

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Section: Na+-channel Specific Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion venom components that affect ion-channels function

Quintero-Hernández

Jiménez-Vargas

Gurrola

et al. 2013

Toxicon

Self Cite

222

163

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“…The purified individual compounds are then subjected to protein sequencing. More recently, venom gland transcriptomics was introduced to aid high throughput sequencing of scorpion toxins (27)(28)(29). The recovered sequence information from a transcriptome database is then analyzed based on identified similarities with the already known toxins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Variability of Potassium Channel Blockers in Mesobuthus eupeus Scorpion Venom with Focus on Kv1.1

Kuzmenkov

Vassilevski

Kudryashova

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Scorpion venoms are an ample source of toxins targeting potassium channels. Results: A comprehensive search for new toxins was performed by combining transcriptomics and peptidomics with a fluorescent test system. Conclusion: We identified five new high affinity potassium channel blockers in the venom of Mesobuthus eupeus. Significance: The proposed integrated approach is of general utility for potassium channel pharmacology.

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“…The complete cDNAs for the precursors of the neurotoxins from the Chinese scorpion Mesobuthus martensii Karsch, BmK AS and BmK AS-1, BmP01, BmP03, BmP05, and the insectspecific BmK IT-AP were the first to be cloned using the 5 0 -RACE and 3 0 -RACE techniques Wu et al 1999;Xiong et al 1999). To date more than a hundred different scorpion cDNAs have been isolated and sequenced with these tools (for a comprehensive review see Quintero-Hernández et al 2011). Toxinology DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6647-1_27-1 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 A different strategy for cDNA library exploration is the sequencing from more or less randomly selected clones, which is called expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (Adams et al 1991 andAdams et al 1993).…”

Section: Scorpion Cdna Library Screening By Traditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion Venom Gland Transcriptomics

2013

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For decades, the study of venomous animals has focused on the isolation and biochemical characterization of specific venom components that have medical or biotechnological importance. Indeed, scorpions have been extensively studied under this optics, which has led to the identification of hundreds of different transcripts encoding toxic peptides. However, scorpions are interesting organisms not only because of their toxin diversity but also because they represent the most ancient terrestrial animals that fossil records have identified. About 2,000 species have been described around the world, which also implies that scorpions are extremely well-adapted arthropods that have managed to survive in different environmental conditions. Even though the divergence timing of scorpions places them as interesting model organisms for evolutionary inferences, little is known about the genomic organization, speciation events, and population dynamics of these arthropods.Different "omic" approaches have become a very powerful strategy for understanding the complexity of venomous animals. Transcriptomics, in particular, has been widely used to explore the transcriptional diversity of venom glands of several scorpion species. Recently, high-throughput sequencing platforms have substantially improved our capacity to describe biological features of scorpions but, most importantly, have outlined new directions toward a more complete understanding of the evolution of these arthropods.In this chapter, those transcriptomic strategies followed in the last two decades that went from cDNA cloning to next-generation sequencing methods will be described. Some biological and evolutionary questions about scorpion speciation and venom diversification will also be addressed. Finally, an attempt to raise some future directions in the field will be made.

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Scorpion and spider venom peptides: Gene cloning and peptide expression

Cited by 59 publications

References 160 publications

Scorpion venom components that affect ion-channels function

Scorpion venom components that affect ion-channels function

Variability of Potassium Channel Blockers in Mesobuthus eupeus Scorpion Venom with Focus on Kv1.1

Scorpion Venom Gland Transcriptomics

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