Scopolamine augmentation for depressive symptoms and cognitive functions in treatment-resistant depression: A case series

Yu, F. Richard; Guo, Ping; Liu, Liang; Feng, Min; Wang, Hong; Sun, Guilan; Wang, Shikai; Qian, Mincai; Chen, Huanxin

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103484

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Evidence of antidepressant effects in patients with MDD and bipolar depression [172]. Added to antidepressants can effectively relieve the symptoms of patients with severe depression [173].…”

Section: Scopolaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

Correia,

Vale

2024

IJTM

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Major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent mental illness, is marked by a complex mixture of biological factors. This review focuses on the roles of oxidative stress, tryptophan-serotonin metabolism, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in MDD’s pathophysiology. Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants, is closely linked to MDD’s neurobiological changes. The tryptophan (TRP)-/serotonin (5-HT) metabolic pathway is also known to be crucial in mood regulation, with its dysregulation being a central aspect of MDD. Additionally, BDNF, key for neuronal growth and plasticity, often shows alterations in MDD patients, supporting its role in the disorder’s progression. Furthermore, the HPA axis, which manages stress response, is frequently disrupted in MDD, further contributing to its complex pathology. In addition to exploring these biological mechanisms, this review also explores the pharmacotherapy of MDD, including new advances. These advancements in treatment strategies are crucial for managing MDD effectively. Understanding these mechanisms and the latest pharmacological interventions is essential for developing more effective treatments for MDD.

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Section: Scopolaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

Correia,

Vale

2024

IJTM

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“…Trauma and stressor-related disorder merupakan trauma psikologis yang melibatkan peristiwa dengan tingkat stres tinggi sehingga menyebabkan tekanan yang melebihi kemampuan individu untuk mengintegrasikan emosi dan kognisi yang terlibat dalam pengalaman tersebut (Wang et al, 2023). Peristiwa tersebut tidak terduga dan tidak terkendali sehingga dapat membuat penderitnya merasa tidak berdaya dan takut.…”

Section: Trauma and Stressor-related Disorderunclassified

Stress and Traumatic Related Disorder pada Konten Moderator: Tinjauan Pustaka

Izehaga SJ,

Devina V,

Dwi Lestari

et al. 2024

jsi

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Peningkatan insiden gangguan mental terkait stres dan trauma di antara pekerja konten moderator kini semakin diakui sebagai isu kesehatan mental yang penting. Tugas yang meliputi penyaringan dan penghapusan konten yang tidak sesuai atau melanggar norma komunitas sering kali dilakukan dalam kondisi yang tidak terlihat oleh publik karena sifat pekerjaan mereka yang sensitif. Paparan berulang terhadap materi yang mengganggu secara psikologis ini merupakan salah satu bahaya psikososial yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit akibat kerja, berupa masalah kesehatan mental, termasuk trauma and stressor-related disorder. Realitas ini menyoroti kebutuhan akan pendekatan yang lebih berorientasi pada kemanusiaan dalam mengelola pekerjaan ini, serta pentingnya strategi pendukung untuk meminimalisir risiko gangguan kesehatan mental mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kesehatan mental, terutama gangguan terkait trauma dan stres, pada konten moderator, suatu profesi yang seringkali tersembunyi dari perhatian publik. Peneliti melakukan tinjauan literatur berdasarkan relevansi topik ini. Semua basis data dicari melalui Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ResearchGate dengan menggunakan kata kunci Stress and traumatic related disorder pada konten moderator. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi yang signifikan dari gangguan mental ini di kalangan pekerja, namun masih terdapat kekurangan dalam penelitian yang lebih mendalam dan luas mengenai topik ini. Kombinasi psikoterapi dan antidepresan golongan SSRI bisa menjadi pilihan utama untuk menatalaksana kasus trauma and stressor-related disorder pada konten moderator.

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“…Scopolamine, a drug that blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, has also shown a rapid antidepressant effect within 1 day. ,− The theoretical framework linking the cholinergic system to depression was first proposed in 1972 by Janowsky et al, who put forth the cholinergic–adrenergic hypothesis. They argued that depression stems from an imbalance between cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmission in brain regions regulating mood .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of Fluorine-Containing Scopolamine Analogues as Potential Antidepressants

Wang,

Zhu,

Wang

et al. 2024

J. Med. Chem.

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This study aimed to develop novel rapid-acting antidepressants with sustained efficacy and favorable safety profiles. We designed and synthesized a series of fluorine-containing scopolamine analogues and evaluated their antidepressant potential. In vitro cytotoxicity assays showed that most of these compounds exhibited minimal toxicity against neuronal and non-neuronal mammalian cell lines (IC 50 > 100 μM). The antidepressant activities of the compounds were evaluated using the tail suspension test, and S-3a was identified as a lead compound with potent and sustained antidepressant effects. Behaviorally, S-3a alleviated depressive symptoms in mice and displayed a higher cognitive safety margin than scopolamine. Toxicological assessments confirmed S-3a's safety, while pharmacokinetics showed a rapid clearance (half-life: 16.6 min). Mechanistically, S-3a antagonized M 1 receptors and elevated BDNF levels, suggesting its potential as an antidepressant for further exploration.

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Scopolamine augmentation for depressive symptoms and cognitive functions in treatment-resistant depression: A case series

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

Advancements Exploring Major Depressive Disorder: Insights on Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Metabolism, BDNF, HPA Axis Dysfunction, and Pharmacotherapy Advances

Stress and Traumatic Related Disorder pada Konten Moderator: Tinjauan Pustaka

Design, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of Fluorine-Containing Scopolamine Analogues as Potential Antidepressants

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