Scoping Review of Videoconference Online Exercise Programs for Cancer Survivors in Community Settings

Abstract

Context Given the rapid transition of many cancer-specific community-based exercise programs to videoconference-delivered online exercise (VOE) during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, little is known about the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of these programs. Objective The purpose of this scoping review was to synthesize practice-based information regarding VOE programs for cancer survivors in community-based settings. Design To identify relevant programs, searches were conducted for peer-reviewed articles published in electronic databases and programs listed in the Moving Through Cancer directory. Eligibility Criteria To be included, programs had to meet the following criteria: 1) participants were adult (>18 yr) cancer survivors, 2) included one or more VOE sessions in addition to any preprogram assessment/intake, and 3) defined as a community-based program with a primary focus of delivering a service to cancer survivors. Study Selection A total of 16 programs were included in the review. Main Outcome Measure Descriptions of 1) reach, 2) effectiveness, 3) adoption, 4) implementation, and 5) maintenance of the identified programs. Results All studies described at least one element of reach (80%), adoption (86%), and implementation (80%). Fewer programs reported on indicators of efficacy/effectiveness (25%) and individual-level maintenance (0%). Conclusions VOE programs may be viable for engaging cancer survivors, but more information is needed to understand VOE programs in community-based settings. Findings from this review reveal that more work is needed, particularly in the elements of reach, efficacy/effectiveness, and individual-level maintenance. Research on community-based programs should continue in order to better understand what contributes to successful implementation of VOE programs and the effects for cancer survivors.