“…This knowledge gap was particularly highlighted after the 11 September attacks on the World Trade Center [ 17 ]. In addition to responding to rapidly increasing healthcare demands, the business continuity plan of healthcare must focus on the safety of staff and buildings, the continuous operation of critical infrastructure (such as communications, power generation, water, and sanitation services), and the maintenance of medical devices, equipment, supplies, utilities, and consumables [ 38 , 39 ]. Operational research is needed to evaluate the degree of the loss of function of healthcare systems (e.g., service delivery, financing, health workforce, and other inputs) in the event of an emergency or disaster [ 40 , 41 ], as well as the level of preparedness [ 42 ], to improve the resilience of healthcare facilities [ 43 ].…”